Carbon Dioxide
How does carbon dioxide contribute to global warming?
It is a greenhouse gas, which traps heat in our atmosphere. The current abundance of this chemical in our atmosphere is causing the global temperature to warm.
(Fill in the blank) Molecular SO2 crosses the cell walls of microbes, and _________ ______ _________ .
disrupts cell activity
Carbon dioxide is an acceptable method of euthanasia in which animal?
Young pigs
Which metal accumulates in soil and when combined with acid rain, causes plant roots to become brittle?
Aluminum
Who is more likely to be affected due to high SO2 and CO2 exposure, children or young adults?
Children
What are two traits of carbon dioxide?
Nonflammable, non-burnable, non-toxic, relatively non-combustible, soluble in water.
What are two traits of sulfur dioxide?
A pungent/suffocating odor, acidic taste, turns into liquid under pressure, soluble in water, combustible
What is the role of SO2 as an antioxidant?
It prevents the browning of dried fruits & vegetables
Sulfites are made from SO2, which bond to the components that cause oxidation in wine.
In the Adirondack mountains, what percentage of fish died off as the water acidity increased?
25%
Which employees are usually affected by an excess amount of CO2?
Agricultural (farmers), Food industry, Those that work with dry ice
Refrigerant, carbonated drinks, euthanasia of young pigs, insufflation during surgery, cryotherapy, removal of warts, respiratory stimulant, contrast agent in radiographic imaging, fire extinguishers, inflating life rafts and life jackets, blasting coal, foaming rubber and plastics, promoting plant growth in greenhouses.
Name a natural source and an anthropogenic source of sulfur dioxide.
Natural - volcanic eruptions
Anthropogenic - Burning of fossil fuels (coal, diesel, oil), Copper smelting, Manufacturing, Industrial processes, Transportation
What kind of yeast is desirable in winemaking?
Saccharomyces yeast
What forest was severely affected by acid rain?
Black forest
Name two of the three scrubbers that were mentioned as a solution to remove sulfur dioxide.
Wet scrubber, dry scrubber, seawater scrubbing
Explain the carbon cycle.
Can vary.
How can sulfur dioxide aid in global cooling? (Bonus points for specific example)
Can vary.
Name three things made with sulfuric acid
Used to make explosives, other acids, dyes, glue, wood preservatives, and automobile batteries. It is used in the purification of petroleum, the pickling of metal, copper smelting, electroplating, metal work, and the production of rayon and film
What chemical compound is known to neutralize acid rain in soil?
Calcium carbonate
Our GI system is affected by SO2. What are these effects?
Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain have been reported after moderate or severe inhalation
What is the exposure time for carbon dioxide concentration for euthanasia of 60 to 70 per cent
5 minutes
How does sulfur dioxide aid with malolactic fermentation? (Explain)
Malolactic fermentation creates malic acid, and the sulfur dioxide converts this malic acid into lactic acid.
Name one medical use of carbon dioxide AND how it is used in that context
Laparoscopic surgery, endoscopy or arthroscopies:
Used to inflate the body cavity
Respiratory treatment: Used to expand blood vessels to increase CO2 levels after rapid breathing
Radiography: A contrast agent in radiographic imaging, especially angiographies
Cryotherapy: Dry ice is used to remove warts
The Hubbard Brook experimental forest is about 80% less acidic than it was in 1963. Why does it still affect the soil?
The soil has a low buffering capacity
What are the risks at 80,000 (8.0%) exposure to CO2?
Dimmed sight, Sweating, Tremor, Vomiting, Disorientation, Unconsciousness, Hypertension, possibly death