Chapter 1
the study of society and human behavior
What is sociology?
the complex system of meaning and behavior that defines the way of life for a given group or society.
What is culture?
using numerical analysis
What is 1uantitative research?
In the realm of ______ are theories that strive to understand society as a whole
What is macrosociology?
coined the term sociology
Who is Auguste Comte
the ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society
What is the sociological imagination?
subcultures created as a reaction against the values of the dominant culture
What are countercultures?
less structured form of research, allows for more interpretation and can provide for in-depth look at particular social behavior
What is qualitative research?
family and close friends could be a part of this
What primary group ?
___ created the term social facts to indicate those social patterns that are external to individuals
Who is (Emile) Durkheim?
emphasizes how people are influenced by society
What is the sociological perspective?
the idea that something can be understood and judged only in relation to the cultural context in which it appears
What is cultural relativism?
The ___ of a measurement is the degree to which it accurately measures or reflects a concept.
What is validity?
Theoretical frameworks that center on face-to-face social interaction are known as _____.
What is a microsociology?
believed that the economic organization (hint: capitalism) of society was the most important influence on what humans think and how they behave
Who is Karl Marx?
Any institution in a society that works to shape the behavior of the groups of people within it
What is Social Institution?
the habit of seeing things only from the point of view of one’s own group
What is ethnocentrism?
A measurement is ___ if repeating the measurement under the same circumstances gives the same result.
What is reliable?
emphasizes the role of coercion and power, a person’s or group’s ability to exercise influence and control over others, in producing social order
What is conflict theory?
theorized that society had three basic dimensions: political, economic, and cultural
Who is Max Weber?
coined the term "The sociological imagination" and allows us to comprehend the change happening around us
Who is C. Wright Mills?
4 sources of cultural change
(1) a change in the societal conditions
(2) cultural diffusion
(3) innovation
(4) the imposition of cultural change by an outside agency
2 steps that allow for more ethical sociological research to be done
(2) informed consent
this framework of sociological theory considers immediate social interaction to be the place where “society” exists
What is symbolic interaction theory?
(1) made distinctions between troubles and issues
(2) define the difference between these two items
Who is C. Wright Mills?
What is troubles is PRIVATE problems and issues affect a LARGE groups of people?