Data Analysis
The type of variable that has rank-ordered categories without an equal distance between each one.
What is an ordinal variable?
The variable which has causal influence on another variable.
What is an independent variable?
What you draw on to obtain the sample.
What is sampling frame?
The type of research design in a study that looks at two contrasting cases (for example, two case studies or two cross-sectional studies).
What is comparative research design?
A question that allows participants to fill in an answer in their own words. For example, "What causes the most stress in your life?"
What is an open question?
The type of analysis that analyzes one variable (for example, the percentage of people who answer cats vs. dogs on a question about pet preferences).
What is univariate analysis?
The variable which changes based on another variable.
What is a dependent variable?
A type of sampling that uses random selection to give all possible participants an equal chance in being included.
What is probability sampling?
The research design of a study that looks at multiple cases at a single point in time, as in the Kahneman and Deaton "Does Money By Happiness" study.
What is a cross-sectional research design?
The type of question that has to be re-coded for analysis in the opposite direction it was asked.
What is a reverse-coded (or oppositely-keyed) question?
The type of analysis needed to answer, "Is income associated with happiness?"
What is bivariate analysis?
A study with experimental design is usually strong in this type of validity.
What is internal validity?
The type of sampling in a study where a researcher randomly selects emails from a list of all UCLA students.
What is simple random sampling?
The type of research design in a study where researchers randomly selected people who graduated from high school in Wisconsin in 1957 and have repeatedly surveyed them since.
What is a longitudinal (cohort) design?
The appropriate location in a survey for demographic questions.
What is the end of the survey?
The probability that a statistical result was gotten by chance.
What is a p-value?
A cross-sectional study is usually weaker in this type of validity. (2 possible answers)
What is internal/measurement validity?
The type of sampling used by a researcher who divides respondents into groups based on reported gender and then randomly selects a certain number from each group.
What is stratified sampling?
The type of research design used to study Genie.
What is a (critical) case study?
Instruments that measure dimensions of a concept.
What is an indicator?
The type of analysis that would help a researcher determine if professor gender influences student grades independent of other factors such as race or field of study.
What is multivariate analysis?
The kind of validity in which the Telles and Lim study on race in Brazil was weak.
What is internal validity? (It was strong in external and ecological validity!)
The type of non-probability sampling that would be appropriate if you were looking for respondents who use non-prescribed prescription stimulant medications for studying.
What is snowball sampling?
The type of research design used by Moss-Racusin et al. to investigate gender bias in academic hiring.
What is experimental design?
A type of variable that is measured through aggregating a respondent's score on multiple indicators.
What is an index variable?