Foundations of Sociology
What was C Wright Mill's term for how individuals relate the self to society?
Sociological Imagination
What is the process by which people learn general norms and values in society?
Socialization
Being cast as a member of a certain race or income-group are examples of ________ status
Ascribed Status
Cooley uses this term to describe how people act in social interactions based on what they believe others perceive about them
Looking Glass Self
______ is a group of 2 people, whereas a _______ is a group of 3 and is considered the building block of sociology
Dyad & Triad
What are Mills' terms for framing how a problem can...
(a) affect individuals
(b) affect society
a) Personal Troubles
b) Public Issues
Family is an example of a ________ agent of socialization
Primary Agent
Becoming a lawyer, doctor, or professor is an example of an _______ status
Achieved Status
Mead uses this term to describe how individuals think about their own behavior and being observed by society at large; this is the final stage of childhood socialization, according to his theory
The Generalized Other
A small fraternity chapter or a student organization with a handful members at the UMN is an example of a ________
Small Group [NOT a "party" or a "large group"]
Which theory sees society as a composite of several independent parts working together (and often uses the metaphor of an animal/organism which has separate but cooperative organs)?
Functionalism
What is the term for generally-shared social values and beliefs which dictate behavior?
Norms
______ capital refers to one's individual skills and traits, such as having a good singing voice or a strong throwing arm; this capital is also of less interest to sociological theories in general
Human Capital
Role _______ occurs when the demands of one role start to clash, e.g. a professor has to work on a teaching activity AND fulfill research requirements in the same time slot
Role Strain
The entirety of a fraternity across the country consists of tens of thousands of members; most of them never meet or interact, but they do share some common values and experiences. They are a ________
Large Group [NOT a "small group" or a "party"]
Which theory sees society as perpetual struggle over resources, power, and authority?
Conflict Theory
Children mimicking actors or musicians on TV are treating these celebrities as a ________ group
Reference Group
______ capital can refer to one's interests, mannerisms, and dress
Cultural Capital
Role _______ is when an individual is caught between the demands of two roles, e.g. when a parent has to pick up their kids but also has to stay late at work
Role Conflict
______ captures how immersed or integrated individuals are in their network
Embeddedness
Which theory focuses on how individuals use cultural meanings to interact with others and the world around them?
Symbolic Interactionism
Annette Lareau's uses (a)_________ to describe how middle-class parents structure their children's schedules and teach them to politely stand-up to authority. Working-class parents use (b) ________ to teach their children be more independent in their own scheduling while deferring to authority.
a) Concerted Cultivation
b) Natural Growth
_______ capital refers to the number and power of relationships one has with family, friends, peers, co-workers, and others in society
Social Capital
_________ refers to socially shared, dominant, power-wielding meanings and norms; this often have major impacts on individuals' lives, even if they don't think about it
Hegemony
(a) _________ exist when there are gaps or isolated pockets within a social network. Ironically, these gaps can often contain the most potential for future jobs, relationships, and fruitful favors; this potential is referred to as (b)_______________
a) Structural Holes
b) Strength of Weak Ties