Phillips Chapter 1
This process is defined as putting a disaster-stricken community back together
What is disaster recovery?
This theory argues that several key systems interact to produce a disaster event: the built, physical, and human systems. Also states that disaster occurs when there is a misfit between these systems.
What is systems theory?
Includes high winds, floods, snow, mudslides, earthquakes, lightning and even potential damage from outer space
What are natural hazards?
Includes two main types: structural and non-structural
What is mitigation?
After Hurricane Katrina, researchers discovered that people in shelters began to hoard food. They would take food from the distribution lines and tuck it under their cots. This seemingly odd behavior appeared inappropriate to some shelter managers, but in the context of survivors who had spent days on rooftops or overpasses awaiting rescue, hoarding food emerged as an understandable psychological response and new behavioral norm.
What is emergent norm theory?
This disaster cycle includes mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery?
What is the life cycle of comprehensive emergency management?
People need resources to recover. Those resources are limited. This theory looks at social interactions within human social systems e.g. households may compete for limited housing units that remain
An intentional act to inflict economic, physical and psychological harm; may be domestic or international
What is terrorism?
People get a say in how a community is rebuilt
What is consensus-building through participatory processes (sustainability principle)?
Allowing people to build near a river that floods annually is considered a misfit between systems
What is systems theory?
These types of disaster involve chemical explosions, transportation spills, toxic waste spills, oil spills, or nuclear accidents
What is a technological disaster?
Suggests that recovery needs will likely be handled by new actors and new organizations, and that unmet needs will develop
What is emergent norm theory?
Efforts during this disaster process involve transitions from response activities to recovery efforts for example, saving lives, search and rescue, and providing food, shelter, and clothing
What is short term recovery?
Addresses economic interests can help people recover lost income and launch recoveries; ranges from home-based to small businesses to large corporations
What is economic vitality (sustainability principle)?
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami demonstrates differential effects on communities hit by a disaster e.g. of the estimated 300,000 deaths, about 80% were women and children. In one school alone, all of the children with disabilities died.
What is vulnerability theory?
These types of disasters demonstrate the unequal impacts that can occur especially in low income countries; these types can cross national boundaries
What are humanitarian disasters? For example, war, genocide, droughts, and famines.
These theories offer a wide variety of perspectives to examine problems that affect men and women differently e.g liberal, multiracial, political, ecological, and developmental.
What is feminist theory?
The ability to prepare and plan for, absorb, recover from or more successfully adapt to actual or potential adverse events
Physical systems cause disaster and solutions should come from technology and scientific applications
What is the dominant paradigm?
Clients with whom the disaster agencies interact with e.g. pre-disaster homeless, domestic violence survivors, people with disabilities, senior citizens will then find themselves further back in line for routine assistance.
What is socio-political ecology theory?
Viewed as activities that may continue for a number of years after a disaster; such activities include dealing with debris management, the environment, housing, businesses, critical infrastructure (roads, bridges, ports), lifelines (power, electricity, sewer), psychological recovery, etc.
What is long term recovery?
Focuses on the human systems affected by disasters; argues that some people are affected more than others.
What is vulnerability theory?
A sector of the emergency management life cycle which includes activities like planning, educational efforts, coordination among key agencies, training, exercises, and inventorying assets that will be used during the response period.
What is preparedness?
Being mindful of how we rebuild, for whom we rebuild, and the ways in which we rebuild post-disaster. Ideally, a recovery will allow the community to last
What is sustainability?
Differences matter when we understand the interaction of race, class, and gender. For example, recovery workers have assumed at times that Latinas are migrant rather than long-term workers or that African-American women inherently share the same recovery situations across income levels.
What is multiracial feminist theory?