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What is sovereignty?
The right to self-government, independence as a people.
The treaties were meant to create peace between which two groups?
Canadian Government and First Nations
What year was the Indian act established?
What is 1876?
What are the official languages of Canada?
English and French
What is the purpose of collective rights?
The purpose is to affirm the collective identity of groups in society and to create a society where people of different identities belong
What is Section 23 in the charter?
Protects Anglophone and Francophone minority rights
How many numbered treaties are there in total in Canada?
11
What were Indian Agents, and how did their actions negatively impact the First Nation?
Indian Agents are officials for each reserve with the power to decide individually how the government will fulfill its duties. The Indian agents had a lot of power over the First Nations, not allowing them to express themselves and their culture in their own reserves.
What is the Manitoba School Act of 1890?
The Manitoba School Act of 1890 abolished public funding for Catholic schools and made Manitoba an officially English-only province
The constitution guaranteed rights to specific groups in Canadian society for historical and constitutional reasons. These groups are:
Aboriginal peoples, including First Nations, Metis, and Inuit peoples; and Francophones and Anglophones.
Define and give an example of ETHNOCENTRISM from chapter 4.
Def: The belief that one's culture is superior to all other cultures.
Example Answer: The usage of residential schools to try and assimilate the Indigenous.
What were the annual payments called that Canada paid the First Nations?
Annuities
Why are some FN opposed to the revised version of the Indian Act even today?
Some want to cancel it because it’s controlling and unfair; it still somewhat restricts their rights.
The Charter says that a French-speaking or English-speaking __________ population of __________ size in the province has the right to __________ __________ school that serve their langauge community.
The Charter says that a French-speaking or English-speaking minority population of sufficient size in the province has the right to publicly funded schools that serve their language community.
What collective rights do official language groups have under secon 23 of the charter?
Minority Language Education Rights
In 1875, Canada’s government issued scrip to the Metis. What is a Scrip? In some cases, it offers the Metis a choice to do what?
In Metis history, it was a document that could be exchanged for land.
In some cases, it offered the Metis a choice: to accept scrip or to become “Treaty Indians” under a Numbered Treaty.
Name one obligation First Nations had in exchange for the treaty promises.
Sharing the land peacefully
Why did the First Nations give up their land to the Crown
Both the Canadian government and frist Nations agreed to the numbered treaties, but the interpretations were very different. The government believed this had happened, while First Nations disagreed because they believed land could never actually be owned or given away
What is an official language community?
A group that speaks one of Canada’s official languages and does not make up the majority population of a province or territory
In 1990, Alberta’s government enact a legislation where the Métis receive settlements of land, ________, ________, and ________ land rights.
autonomy, sovereignty, and economic land rights
Calgary is a place within Alberta, which in of itself is a province of Canada. There are many provinces in Canada that have gone through changes throughout the years. Some of these PERHAPS, may be related to the material in Chapter 4. Many of these changes were brought on by influential people. That is not a hint, maybe?? We all live in Calgary, including the author of this paragraph which is Joel, and yes, I did name myself on purpose to get credit for this great question….... Anyways, what is the Haultain Resolution?
At the time, in 1892, Alberta was part of the Northwest Territories, which was bilingual. This thingy was led by Fredrick Haultain and made the territory English only instead of bilingual with French and English, and made English the language of instruction in all schools.
There are six terms covered in treaties 6,7, and 8. (Name 5 of the 6)
Health care, Education, Hunting and fishing rights, reserves, farming assistance, payments, annuities and special benefits
What is the Indian Act? What did it mean for the First Nations and the government?
The Indian Act is legislation enacted by the Canadian government that aimed to control the lives of First Nations people and limit their rights. For First Nations communities, it represented a means of assimilation and control, while for the government, it served to consolidate power and maintain dominance over Indigenous peoples.
Bill 101 made commercial signs only in French and Francophone, and immigrants in Quebec must attend Francophone schools. It has been altered now with section 23 and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Bill 101 made commercial signs only in French and Francophone, and immigrants in Quebec must attend Francophone schools. It has been altered now with section 23 and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Where do collective rights come from?
They come from the roots of Aboriginal peoples, Francophones, and Anglophones in the land and history of Canada.