Learning
The ability to connect stimuli with responses.
Conditioning
Social Cognition
The tendency for people to favor information that confirms their expectations, regardless of whether the information is true.
Confirmation Bias
The extent to which a schema is activated in memory and thus likely to be used in information processing.
Cognitive accessibility
The part of the brain that helps us remember the characteristics and actions of other people, plan complex behaviors, and coordinate our behaviors with those of others.
prefontal cortex
We learn new information as a result of the consequences of our behavior.
Operant Learning
Assimilation
A process that occurs when our expectations about others lead us to behave toward those others in ways that make those expectations come true.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Characteristics that attract our attention when we see something or someone with them.
salience
The likelihood that events occur across a large population.
base rates
When an object or event comes to be associated with a natural response.
Associational Learning
When existing schemas change on the basis of new information.
Accommodation
The tendency to overestimate the extent to which other people are similar to us.
False Consensus Bias
A technique in which information is temporarily brought into memory through exposure to situational events.
Priming
One source of error in __________________ is the relative difficulty of accurately identifying people who are not of one's own race.
eye witness testimony
People learn by observing the behavior of others.
Observational Learning
Thinking that occurs out of our awareness, quickly, and without taking much effort.
Automatic Cognition
The tendency to think about events according to what might have been.
Counterfactual Thinking
heuristic
The ease with which we can process information in our environments.
Processing fluency
Albert Bandura's classic study involving modeling is famously referred to as the ______________ experiment.
Bobo Doll
When we deliberately size up an think about something.
Controlled Cognition
The tendency to have more confidence in our own skills, abilities and judgments than is objectively warranted.
Overconfidence
We tend to stereotype more when we are
tired.
The retail price of a pair of pants is $68. It is only full price one day a year; the rest of the time it is on sale for $34. The full retail price is an example of:
Anchoring