Applications
What is the 1st and 2nd tenet of empirical evidence?
SES is related to multiple disease outcomes via multiple risk factors.
What about socioeconomic status does this theory not account for?
Changes in socioeconomic status throughout one's lifetime
What type of status does this theory address?
Socioeconomic status
Fill in the blank: SES is related to multiple disease outcomes via ______ risk factors
Define poor nutrition.
limited access to fresh, nutritious foods leading to poor dietary choices and contributing to various conditions
Give an example of an FDA requirement that applies this theory.
Folic Acid Fortification
What is the the Give Back Effect?
Emerging knowledge/interventions for a condition creates a more equitable distribution of disease
How is the association between a fundamental cause and health is reproduced overtime?
Via the replacement of intervening mechanisms
Tehranifar et al. (2009) categorized types of cancers by those ___________
more likely to be treated
limited access to healthcare delays medical attention
What is important to consider before making an intervention?
risk factors
This theory requires that older mechanism wane over time. What is the flaw in this theory?
Some mechanisms may be long-lived (i.e. pap smear) or short lived (i.e. the polio vaccine). This theory does not account for all of these.
This framework involves accessibility to what types of resources?
Resources that can be used to avoid risks or to minimize the consequences of disease once it occurs
What was the effect of the use of statins for treatment of cholesterol?
Resulted in a more equitable distribution of disease resulted
What types of treatments are included in healthcare access? ( Name at least 3)
preventative measures, vaccine-preventable diseases, healthcare services, diagnoses, and social support networks
Name an application of this theory in regards to child vaccinations.
Vaccines are mandated for school-aged children. This varies by state.
What its a critique of this framework in terms of the origins of inequities?
Does not necessarily evaluate the origins of inequalities; other theories are the best source for understanding these processes.
How does Universal Healthcare fit this framework?
This policy reduces resource inequality in the healthcare system. This encompasses cost controls and provides first-dollar coverage without premiums.
What study proves that the association between SES and Health/Mortality is reproduced over time via the replacement of intervening mechanisms?
Carpiano and Kelley (2007). This study analyzed changes in breast cancer incidence following WHI findings
A lack of education and health literacy affects understanding of ______ measures.
preventative
What are two examples of policies that can be implanted that apply this theory?
Universal healthcare
Food stipends for households
Give an example of a countervailing mechanism.
Give an example of competing goals such as beauty, manliness (status), power
What are the four main features of the fundamental social causes of health inequities?
1) influences multiple health outcomes
2)affects these diseases through multiple risk factors
3) involves access to resources that can be used to avoid risks or to minimize the consequences of disease once it occurs.
4) Finally, the association between a fundamental cause and health is reproduced over time via the replacement of intervening mechanisms
What study proved that SES is related to multiple disease outcomes via multiple risk factors?
Ethnographic analysis of diabetic clinics by Lutfey and Freese (2005)
Give an example of the Give Back Effect.
Low-income populations disproportionately impacted by smoking; new intervention/knowledge comes out that can decrease disease in the low-income population as they are most affected → leads to a more equitable distribution of disease rather than more stratified as the fundamental social conditions theory.