Aims
Bandura
To demonstrate that if children are passive witnesses to an aggressive display by an adult, they will imitate this aggressive behavior when given the opportunity.
Longitudinal study
Research over a period of time using observations, interviews, or psychometric testing. (Similar to a repeated measures design in an experiment).
Acculturation:
The process by which someone comes into contact with another culture and begins to adopt the norms and behaviors of that culture.
Bias:
Does the research demonstrate researcher bias? How do you know? Is there a cultural or gender bias in the research?
Tajfel
To investigate if intergroup discrimination would take place based on being put into different groups.
Covert observation
A type of participant observation in which the identity of the researcher, the nature of the research project, and the fact that participants are being observed are concealed from those who are being studied.
Acculturation gaps
generational differences in acculturation and how this leads to conflict within the family.
Ethics:
This is not just about ethical standards for experiments. It also includes how we go about researching socially sensitive issues.
Festinger
He wanted to find out how the members of the cult would cope when they realized that this apocalyptic event did not happen.
Content Analysis
A method used to analyze qualitative data in which the research looks for "themes" or trends that emerge from the data.
Cultural dimension:
the trends of behavior in a given culture that reflect the values of that culture.
Perspective:
This is not only about the different approaches. It also has to do with cultural perspectives - and using emic vs etic approaches to investigate behavior. Perspectives also change over time.
Norasakkunkit & Uchida (2014)
To explain the origins of hikkimori
Meta-analysis
Pooling data from multiple studies of the same research question to arrive at one combined answer.
Marginalization:
when it is not really possible to maintain one’s original culture, but because of exclusion or discrimination, it is not possible to assimilate into a new culture
Internal validity
Internal validity is the extent to which a study establishes a trustworthy cause-and-effect relationship between a treatment and an outcome.
Chen et al
To investigate the role of Confucian Work Dynamism (Long-term orientation) on an individual's buying habits.
Acculturation gaps
Generational differences in acculturation and how this leads to conflict within the family.
Illusory correlation:
people see a relationship between two variables even when there is none.
Measurement:
How was the research done and how were the variables operationalized and measured? What are the limitations of the way that psychologists measure variables?