Show:
Cultural Dimensions
Enculturation
Acculturation
Competition and Conflict
Social Learning
100
What is one cultural dimension?
Individualism AND collectivism (you need both to get this right!)
100
What is enculturation?
The process of acquiring the cultural values and understanding cultural norms of one's home culture.
100
What is acculturation?
The process of adapting and changing as a result to life in a secondary culture.
100
What is one central claim of realistic group conflict theory?
Conflict arises when there is competition for scarce resources.
100

The Social Cognitive Learning Theory was developed by whom? and when?

Albert Bandura (in the late 70's)

200

What is a cultural dimension?

A framework used to understand the differences in culture.

200
What are two ways enculturation occurs? (i.e. what are two ways culture is transmitted?)
Parenting, Peers, Media, School
200
Which acculturation strategy has the best mental health outcomes for immigrants?
Integration
200
What was the name of the experiment that tested the RCT?
The Robber's Cave Experiment
200

Bandura asserts that most human behavior is learned through what 3 things?

observation, imitation, and modeling.

300
Which researcher used IBM employees from around the world to describe six cultural dimensions?
Hofstede (Geert)
300
In Barry et al.'s study, which types of cultures valued independence and initiative?
Low food accumulating (subsistence economies), like those relying on hunting and fishing
300
What are two factors than can influence acculturative stress? (According to Torres et al.'s study)
Discrimination and the acculturation strategy used
300
What were four characteristics of the participants in the Robber's Cave experiment?
white, middle class, protestant, male, 11-12 years old, parents still married, American.
300

Bandura recognized that there are certain conditions that are necessary for social learning to take place (ARMP). Name these.

Attention, Retention, Motivation, Potential

400

Where does a sense of identity come from in a collectivist culture and an individualistic culture? (Two answers)

Collectivist - belonging to a group and having group harmony.

Individualistic - individuality and personal freedom 

400
Why would a high food accumulating culture be more likely to conform?
Because (according to Barry's study) they're raised with values related to obedience and responsibility, thus they're more likely to follow cultural and social norms.
400
What are four acculturation strategies?
Assimilation, Integration, Separation, Marginalization
400
What are three examples of conflict that occurred between the boys?
Raiding of cabins, burning of flags, booing each other during sports, verbal and physical fighting.
400

Name and describe the experiment used to support the Social Cognitive Learning Theory

Bobo the doll experiment. The study aimed to investigate whether children could learn aggressive behavior by watching the behavior of adults. 72 children were used.

500
What are three countries that had low levels of conformity in Bond and Smith's meta-analysis?
UK, France, United States (& Germany, Portugal)
500
What's one piece of evidence that suggests low food accumulating cultures conform less than high food accumulating cultures?
Berry's study that showed Inuit's had lower levels of conformity than the Temne people in Africa.
500
What evidence from Torres study suggests that integration can reduce the effects of discrimination?
There was a correlation between "higher Anglo behavioural orientation" (e.g. were fluent in English) and reduced levels of acculturative stress as a result of discrimination.
500
What were two resources and two competitions that the researchers included in the competition phase of the experiment?
Resources: medals, trophies and pocket knives Competitions: tug-of-war, baseball
500

What are some limitations/weaknesses of the theory?

-studies are only correlational= no cause-and-effect relationship can be concluded.

-It also is not possible to eliminate dispositional factors (were they born that way...or learn the behaviour?)