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Schema Theory
Reconstructive Memory
Social Identity Theory
General Psych
100
Bransford and Johnson had three conditions in their experiment. What were they?
Title before, title after and no title.
100
Who conducted the car crash experiment? Bonus 100 for the year.
Loftus and Palmer, 1974.
100

Define Tajfel's minimal group paradigm.

We are willing to sacrifice rewards for ourselves or our group in order to increase the difference in rewards between us and others.

200
What are two functions of schemas?
They improve our comprehension of new information; they allow us to make generalizations and predictions about people, places and events; they save our cognitive energy; (check other answers with your teacher)
200
What is it called when false information processed after an event can be falsely recalled as an actual memory.
The misinformation effect.
200

Define the out-group homogeneity effect

We tend to view our in-group as being more diverse and unique and out-groups as being more homogenous.

300
How might schemas influence confirmation bias?
One possible answer: in order to save our cognitive energy, we focus on information that is consistent with our existing schemas, which is confirmation bias (check other answers with your teacher).
300
What were the two possible explanations L&P gave for their results in the first experiment (smashed had higher speed estimates than other verbs).
#1) Participants weren't sure and so the leading question directed them towards an answer, or #2) the leading question actually resulted in a false memory.
300

How does Cialdini's study on "basking in reflected glory" demonstrate the relationship between social identity and self esteem?

When the school's team had won recently, people were more likely to wear their school sweaters and people described the game as "we won" but when the school had lost, people said "they lost"

We want to be associated with groups we perceive as successful.

400
What two judgments were people in the "white player" condition of Stone et al.'s experiment likely to make about the player?
Showed more hustle and made intelligent plays.
400
What % of participants in the smashed, hit and control conditions remembered seeing broken glass in the second experiment by Loftus and Palmer?
32% and 14% hit and 12% control.
400
What % of participants in the smoky room experiment sought help after six minutes when a) alone, b) three participants, c) 1 x participant with 2 x passive confederates
a) 75%, b) 38% c) 10%
500

How does Bransford and Johnson's study support the conclusion that memory is influenced by schematic processes?

People who had the title before remembered more details than people who got the title after or no title.

500
What were the five speed estimates for all five verbs in L&Ps first experiment? (To the nearest mile per hour, mph).
Smashed = 40, Collided =39 , Bumped 38= , Hit = 34, Contacted = 32.
500
Levine et al. conducted two cross-cultural studies - one only on cities in the USA (1994) and another on cities around the world (2001). How many cities were in study #1 and countries in study #2?
USA cities = 36, Countries = 23
500

What is Ms. Neil's cat's name?

Sam