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Schema Theory
Reconstructive Memory
Bystanderism
Prosocial Behaviour
OLD studies
100
Bransford and Johnson had three conditions in their experiment. What were they?
Title before, title after and no title.
100

Who conducted the car crash experiment? 

Loftus and Palmer, 1974.

100
What is bystanderism?
Not helping someone who needs help.
100
What is prosocial behaviour?
Acting in a way that is beneficial for others. (Altruism is a type of prosocial behaviour, but it doesn't have any positive benefits for the helper).
100

Who conducted the experiment on testosterone and amygdala activity?

Radke et al.

200
What are two functions of schemas?
They improve our comprehension of new information; they allow us to make generalizations and predictions about people, places and events; they save our cognitive energy; (check other answers with your teacher)
200

What is it called when false information processed after an event can be shape an actual memory.

The misinformation effect.

200

Darley and Latane conducted a experiment on bystanderism. What is the name of the study?

The Smoky Room Experiment

200

What are two factors that could affect prosocial behaviour?

Diffusion of responsibility / how many people around to help; economic productivity (wealth) of a culture/city/country; empathy

200

Which factors were studied in Desbordes et al? 

Mindfulness, amygdala activity

300
How might schemas influence confirmation bias?
One possible answer: in order to save our cognitive energy, we focus on information that is consistent with our existing schemas, which is confirmation bias (check other answers with your teacher).
300
What were the two possible explanations L&P gave for their results in the first experiment (smashed had higher speed estimates than other verbs).
#1) Participants weren't sure and so the leading question directed them towards an answer, or #2) the leading question actually resulted in a false memory.
300
What is the name of the process that can be responsible for bystanderism?

Diffusion of Responsibility

300

What were two factors that Levine (1994 and/or 2001) found affected prosocial behaviour?

Economic productivity, population size

300

What is the name of the "Warrior Gene" 

MAOA-L

400
What two judgments were people in the "white player" condition of Stone et al.'s experiment likely to make about the player?
Showed more hustle and made intelligent plays.
400

What % of participants in the smashed and hit conditions remembered seeing broken glass in the second experiment by Loftus and Palmer?

32% and 14% hit

400

What % of participants in the smoky room experiment sought help after six minutes when a) alone, b) 1 x participant with 2 x passive confederates

a) 75%, c) 10%

400
What were the four conditions of Batson et al.'s empathy-altruism (helping Elaine) experiment?
High empathy-easy escape; Low empathy-easy escape; High empathy-difficult escape; Low empathy-easy escape
400

Who conducted the study on conformity?

Asch

500
Who proposed schema theory?
It isn't attributable to a single psychologist, but has been contributed to by a number of psychologists over the past 100 years, including Bartlett, Piaget and Vygotsky.
500

What was the order of speed estimates for all five verbs in L&Ps first experiment? (from the fastest to the slowest)

Smashed, Collided, Bumped Hit, Contacted

500
Levine et al. conducted two cross-cultural studies - one only on cities in the USA (1994) and another on cities around the world (2001). How many cities were in study #1 and countries in study #2?
USA cities = 36, Countries = 23
500

Which condition in Batson et al.'s (1981) experiment were most likely to swap places with Elaine?

High-empathy

500

What are the name of the two theories that exmplain conflict between humans? 

Realistic Group Conflict Theory, Social Identity Theory