Physiology
Arousal
Stress
An affective disorder in which people experience sadness, low self-esteem, negative thoughts, pessimism, and apathy.
Depression
A general tendency to expect positive outcomes.
Optimism
Our sense of satisfaction with our everyday experience.
Well-being
This prepares the body to respond to threats by activating the organs and the glands in the endocrine system.
Sympathetic Nervous System
A medical syndrome that includes symptoms of anxiety, sleeplessness, nightmares, and social withdrawal.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
A psychological disorder that may be accompanied by a number of physical symptoms, including diarrhea, upset stomach, sweaty hands, shortness of breath, poor concentration, and general agitation.
Anxiety
The process of setting goals and using our cognitive and affective capacities to reach those goals.
Self-regulation
Emotions that are based primarily on the arousal produced by the SNS and that do not require much cognitive processing.
Basic emotions
This is involved in resting, digesting, relaxing and recovering.
Parasympathetic Nervous system
A stress hormone that releases sugars into the blood to help prepare the body to respond to the threat.
Cortisol
Almost half of American describe themselves and being ____, and frequently find it difficult to make friends because they evaluate themselves negatively.
Shy
The belief in our ability to carry out actions that produce desired outcomes.
Self-efficacy
Emotions that provide us with more complex feelings about our social worlds and that are more cognitively based.
Secondary Emotions
The region in the limbic system that is primarily responsible for regulating our perceptions of, and reactions to, aggression and fear.
Amygdala
Our everyday interactions with the environment that are essentially negative.
Daily Hassles
Lonely
Positive social relationships with others.
Social Support
An emotional and behavioral reaction to stress that increases the readiness for action.
Fight or flight
When people incorrectly label the source of the arousal that they are experiencing.
Misattribution of arousal
The three distinct phases of physiological change that occur in response to the long-term stress: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.
General Adaptation Syndrome
Anxiety and Depression can become contagious and ________________. That is, when other people see our our negative states, they are likely to respond to us negatively.
Self-fulfilling
The ability to use self-regulation to resist temptation and cognitively stop oneself.
Hint: marshmallow task
Delay of Gratification
A behavioral reaction to stress that involves activities designed to create social networks that provide protection from threats.
Tend and Befriend