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The first ten Amendments to the US Constitution are called the
Bill of Rights
This Amendment to the US Constitution grants you the right to be protected from unreasonable searches and seizures by the police and requires them to get a warrant based upon probable cause in order to search or seize you or your property:
Fourth
This Amendment to the US Constitution guarantees you due process of law, the right to a grand jury hearing, freedom from double jeopardy, freedom from self-incrimination, and the right to just compensation to government seizure of your property:
Fifth
This Amendment to the US Constitution gives you the rights to notice of any criminal charges against you, speedy and public trials, and impartial juries, as well as guarantees you the right to confront witnesses against you, to offer witnesses on your behalf, and to be granted an attorney to assist you in your defense:
Sixth
This Amendment to the US Constitution bans excessive bails, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishments.
Eighth
Type of justice that means punishing an individual who commits a crime, assuring that victims of crime are served by their government.
Retributive Justice
Comprised of a network of abolitionists who helped slaves once they made it as far as a free state.
Underground Railroad
Theory of punishment that is defined as “giving people what they deserve based on the harms they cause.”
Retribution
Defines harmful acts as crimes, specifies possible punishments, and sets forth rules of due process that must be followed by police courts and corrections
Criminal Law
This is type of justice that “assuring fairness in the criminal justice process by protecting people’s rights as they are processed through the system of police, courts, and corrections and that assures that people accused of crime are served by their government.”
Procedural Justice
This is defined as promoting a just society by challenging injustice and valuing diversity” and exists when “all people share a common humanity and therefore have a right to equitable treatment, support for their human rights, and a fair allocation of community resources.”
Social Justice
Shared cultural traits like language, food, religion, customs, and traditions.
ethnicity
The differential treatment of individuals based on a physical or non-physical attribute that they possess.
Discrimination
The deliberate disobeying of law under specific circumstance
Civil Disobedience
The term used for policies put into place to increase the representation of those who have suffered discrimination.
Affirmative Action
The term _________________ from the US Constitution refers to peace in the land
Domestic Tranquility
What makes the criminal justice system and its actors unique from other institutions is that it operates in a manner that allows
discretion
According to Alexander (2012), mass imprisonment of especially African American males is an intentional ___________, denoting “a stigmatized racial group locked into an inferior position by law and custom.”
Racial caste system
Where categories of people are arranged in a hierarchy with those at the top garnering more relative power than those at the bottom.
Social Stratification
A type of discrimination that occurs within some contexts of criminal justice, or only in some places
Contextual discrimination