Social Psychology: Definitions
The scientific study of how a person’s behavior, thoughts and feelings are influenced by the real, imagined or implied presence of others
What is Social Psychology?
We attribute someone's (bad) behavior to internal causes (their personality, intelligence, morality) instead of external causes like the situation.
What is Fundamental Attribution Theory?
Mere exposure effect
Imagine a group of friends discussing their favorite pizza toppings. If one friend loves pineapple on pizza, they might assume that most people share this preference, believing that pineapple is a popular choice.
What is False consensus effect?
People from ____________ cultures think of themselves in relation to others
What is Collectivist?
People with a(n) ______________________ believe that they can cause changes to their life.
Internal Locus of Control
"When I succeed I'm good; when I fail, it wasn't fair." This is the result of both the Fundamental Attribution Error and Actor-Observer Bias
What is Self-Serving Bias
After acing a test, a student attributes their success to their intelligence and hard work, but blames a poor grade on the difficulty of the exam or bad luck.
What is self-serving bias?
John was convinced he was going to fail his final, so he did not study. He then failed his final. This is an example of what idea?
What is Self-fulfilling Prophecy?
How others change you.
What is social influence?
We use this path when we use facts, statistics, and logic to persuade
What is Central-Route Persuasion
We attribute OUR (good) behavior to external causes (the situation) instead of internal causes like our personality traits or work ethic.
What is actor observer bias?
Someone who says "they did this to themselves" after witnessing a car accident believes in this phenomenon.
What is Just-world Hypothesis?
__________________ theory is simply observational learning applied to group behaviors
Social Influence
Conducted in 1971 by Philip Zimbardo, this controversial study revealed the impact of situational factors on behavior, as participants assigned to be guards exhibited abusive behaviors towards those assigned as prisoners.
The Stanford Prison Experiment
The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts or thoughts and behaviors are inconsistent.
What is Cognitive Dissonance Theory?
The theory is that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation or the person's personality.
What is Attribution Theory?
A commercial for a new smartphone focuses the ad highlights a popular celebrity using the phone.
What is peripheral route persuasion?
This type of persuasion occurs when a person is influenced by the strength and quality of the arguments presented, often involving careful consideration of the message’s content.
What is central route persuasion?
______________ social influence is when we believe a group has the best ideas and so we act like that group
Informative
A cognitive bias where people tend to remember and give more weight to the last piece of information they learned about a subject.
Recency effect
A psychological phenomenon where a belief or expectation about a situation or person leads to behaviors that cause the belief to come true.
What is Self-fulfilling prophecy?
When Ms. Melissa who is 5'6" feels like a giant among her friends who are 4'10," 5'2," and 5'3," she is experiencing ____________________.
Relative Deprivation
When I'm struggling with unruly students and I remind myself that, unlike another teacher, my students haven't set the desks on fire, I am engaging in _________________________.
Downward social comparison
Persuasion technique in which a large and unreasonable favor is made and expected to be refused, followed by a smaller and more reasonable favor expected to be granted.