Attributions
How do people usually try to explain why someone acted a certain way?
What is an attitude?
An attitude is a learned evaluation of a person, object, or idea that includes thoughts, feelings, and behavioral tendencies.
What factors can make someone like another person at first sight?
Physical attractiveness, halo effect, proximity, similarity-attraction
What is conformity?
Conformity is when someone changes their behavior, beliefs, or attitudes to match those of a group.
What is altruism?
This term refers to helping behavior without expecting anything in return.
What is the difference between internal and external attributions?
Internal = personality/character; External = situation/environment.
What is prejudice?
This is a negative attitude toward a group of people based on stereotypes.
Why does proximity (being near someone) increase attraction?
Proximity increases attraction mainly because of the mere exposure effect. (opinion based)
Why do people tend to follow group norms?
What is the bystander effect?
This effect explains why people are less likely to help when others are present.
This attribution error occurs when people overestimate personality and underestimate situations when judging others.
Fundamental attribution error
What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
What is reciprocal liking?
This hypothesis suggests we like people who show they like us.
How can groupthink lead to poor decision-making?
Groupthink can lead to poor decision-making because the group prioritizes agreement over critical thinking.
What is social exchange theory?
This concept suggests people help when benefits outweigh costs.
What is the self-serving bias?
This bias involves attributing your successes to internal factors and failures to external ones.
How do people develop prejudices without realizing it?
The main one is implicit bias. It refers to unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect how people think and act without them realizing it.
What is evolutionary theory (of attraction)?
This biological theory suggests that attraction is influenced by reproductive fitness and genetic advantages.
What is groupthink?
Groupthink is a social psychology concept where a group of people prioritizes agreement and harmony over critical thinking and realistic decision-making.
What is reciprocal altruism?
This theory explains altruism as helping others with the expectation that the favor will be returned in the future.
What is external attribution?
This attribution explains behavior based on external (situational) circumstances.
What is social identity theory?
This concept explains how people categorize themselves and others into groups.
What is misattribution of arousal?
This phenomenon explains why people may become more attracted to someone after a stressful or adrenaline-filled situation.
What is the Milgram experiment?
This experiment by Stanley Milgram studied obedience to authority.
What is the negative-state relief model?
This theory suggests that people help others to reduce their own personal distress or discomfort.