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What is colonization?
Colonization is when countries send people to live in and control these new lands.
The Underground Railroad was a real railroad.
False- It refers to the actions of enslaved people who escaped slavery, and those who assisted with the journey to freedom. The routes included safe houses and stations where freedom seekers could avoid being caught by slave owners.
What was John Cabot trying to find?
He wanted to find a new way to get to Asia. He was looking for a quicker route to bring back spices and silk.
What is the Royal Proclamation?
The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was a British law that protected First Nations' lands from colonists. It benefited the First Nations by securing their lands. British colonists were upset because they couldn’t move west.
Why were there so many settlements along the St. Lawrence River?
When settling, one would look for water for many reasons. Food, transportation and bathing.
What challenges did Indigenous people face due to colonization?
Loss of land as settlers took over their territories.
Exposure to new diseases brought by Europeans caused many deaths.
Disruption of their cultures, languages, and traditional ways of life.
Forced assimilation into European customs and religions.
Conflicts and violence as their lands and resources were taken away.
Wampum belts were made of beads.
Yes, wampum belts were made of small, tubular beads crafted from clam shells.
What is imperialism?
Imperialism is when a country takes over other lands to make its empire bigger.
Who was Samuel de Champlain and what did he contribute to the formation of Canada?
He was a French explorer. He did three voyages to Canada. He set up the first trade alliance between the First Nations and European explorers.
1. Champlain’s first voyage in 1603 was to check out the land the French had claimed in what is now known as Canada.
2. On the second voyage in 1604, Champlain brought settlers to New France - now known as Nova Scotia - to colonize the area.
3. In 1608, still determined to colonize New France, Champlain travelled further into Canada along the St. Lawrence River.
Who fought in the War of 1812?
How did people on the Underground Railroad communicate with each other?
The theory that enslaved people used quilt patterns to communicate messages about the Underground Railroad.
Most early settlers came from Spain and Germany.
False- Most came from France and Britain.
What is the Quebec Act?
The Quebec Act was signed in 1774. It was a law passed by the British Parliament to secure the loyalty of French-speaking Canadians after Britain took over Canada.
Who was the Seven-Year War between?
The war was between Great Britain and France.
What is a treaty?
A treaty is an agreement between two groups. Throughout history, many treaties have existed between First Nations, Europeans, Inuit, and Métis.
What is a colony?
A colony is a place that is controlled by another country, called the home country. The home country often sends people to live in the colony.
Jacques Cartier was an English explorer.
False- Jacque Cartier was a French explorer.
What is the Wampum Belt?
Wampum belts are special, sacred belts made by Indigenous peoples using purple and white shell beads to record important stories, laws, and promises. Acting like "living documents," they represent treaties or friendship rather than just money. White beads symbolize peace, while purple beads represent serious agreements.
What was a safe house?
These could be private homes, barns, churches, and businesses—used to hide and assist enslaved people escaping to the North and Canada. Run by "stationmasters," these sanctuaries provided food, shelter, and transport, often featuring hidden compartments, basements, or attics.
What challenges did explorers face?
They faced challenges like rough seas, storms, and the possibility of getting lost. They also had to deal with limited supplies, sickness, and navigating unknown waters.
What is a Wampum Belt?
It symbolizes an agreement. The belt was the first treaty between Europeans and the Indigenous. It shows two lines that represent how they will proceed. One line represents the Dutch ship, and the other represents the Haudenosaunee canoe. Both vessels will travel down the river of life side by side, and neither will attempt to steer the other’s vessel.
There are no more treaties in place today.
False
Which country started the fur trade?
France
Name one group of people who migrated to Canada after the War of 1812?
Following the War of 1812, hundreds of thousands of people from the British Isles, particularly Ireland, moved to Canada to work.
What was the Underground Railroad?
The Underground Railroad was a secret path used to help enslaved people escape to Canada. Helpers, called conductors, gave food, directions, and safe places to hide.