Wendat
Wendat Food
Woman grew crops such as corn beans and squash.
Men cleared the land and hunted.
Innu Food
They traveled using snowshoes to hunt and fish
They also traded
Wampum
A Wampum are beads that are strung together to make a belt. There are different colours, the white one stood for friendship and peace, the purple bead represented conflict or an event of great importance.
What were the roles of the people in First Nations Communities?
Elders: Have knowagle and share with others, they also learn about readability with all craters, they taught children about history and tradition.
Men: Did all of the framing and hunting, they built all the shulters, they fought in the wars.
Women: they prepare all of the food that the men hunted. They sometimes hunted small animals such as rabbits, birds and other mammals.
Children: Boys played games and helped the men hunt so that they could learn. Girls learned how to make clothes and cook and clean. The children learned skills they needed for there adulthood
Food
They got food by hunting and fishing. They also planted food were the soil was nice and rich and soft, they made all different types of vegetables and fruits.
Wendat Shelter
Each village had many log houses.
In each one there were about 6 different families living there.
Permanent
Innu Shelter
Only 1 or 2 families can fit
They can pick up it and move
They built wigwams.
Longhouse
A longhouse is a permanent home that is made of wood and about 6 families can live in it.
What are talking circles? Describe the ceremony involved beforehand.
They used talking circles for consensus, and they still use them now. The first nations used a circle because it has no beginning and no end. Each member of the circle belongs and is equal. Before the talking circle some first nations did a smudging ceremony, they would burn plants such as sweet grass, sage or cedar. Their smudging would make the first nations be truthful.
Shelter
They made shelters using bark of animal fur. They made them big so that a few families could fit inside of it. They made a log house that can fit a lot of families and wigwams can only hold a little bit of people.
Wendat Clothing
Woman made clothes from left over animals.
They decorated them with quills.
Innu Clothing
They wore warm clothes
They made shirts with seal skin so they can stay warm.
Smudging
Smudging clears your mind so that you can take part in the talking circle with a clear mind, and also did it before the talking circle started.
How do Elders help to pass on knowledge?
The Elders tell stories of their history and traditions to their children and then their children tell their children and so on. They also told leaders so that they can make good decisions for the community.
What gifts did First Nations peoples greatly respect? List three examples of how they used these gifts.
To make food
To make clothes
To make shelter
Wendat Decision Making
They put themselves into eight clans.
Each clan was lead by a woman.
They each had a civilian chef and a war chef.
Innu Decisions
Everyone made decisions but the male made more.
The woman were not very involved.
Alliances
Alliances are used to keep trading going and to keep peace, some of the first nations even made an alliance during conflict times. Sometimes they did a pipe ceremony to mark an important alliance. They smoked a tamboca plant because it was a plant of truth, and that would make people be truthful.
List the three main conflicts between neighboring First Nations.
Disputes (arguments) over hunting areas.
Access to trading routes.
Competition for trading patterns.
Why did First Nations peoples trade with other nations?
They traded with other nations because lands that are more up north, there is not so much soil but the wendat lived where it was warm and the soil was very rich, so they had so much even after they stored it away.
Oral Tradition
An oral tradition is where people pass down knowledge, history and a culture from one generation to the next.
Explain the significance of The Great Tree of Peace.
The great tree of peace is a symbol for the haudenosaunee. There was an eagle on the top and it would wran the haudenosaunee when there was danger, the roots of the great tree of peace are welcoming for others to join. When the five nations planted this tree they put their weapons undertaken as a sign of conflict.
2. What were the three main causes of conflicts between the nations?
Disputes (arguments) over hunting areas.
Access to trade routes.
Competition for trading patterns