paragraphs
Discuss how the Slave Trade and the horrific effect it had on the colonies and African Americans.
It put enslaved people at the lowest class level and put them at the same level as cattle/property. Slave labor often led to high profits because plantation owners did not have to pay them, and multiple enslaved people working on one plantation meant higher production. This created a class divide between wealthy and poor people in the south that would continue into the 19th century. It also set a precedent for, and normalized, kidnapping and bringing enslaved people to the colonies for enslavement. This also led to the creation of Slave Codes, which negatively dictated how enslaved people were to be treated.
Glorious Revolution
when colonists won more rights
Enlightment
A movement that valued the logic and reason over beliefs and feelings
How did the Great Awakening encourage people to think about different governing methods?
-The Great Awakening led people to begin thinking about self-governance. At the time, churches often oversaw small communities, and over time, people thought about whether this religious oversight was necessary; they could find ways to self-govern without a king or minister to oversee them. This idea stemmed from the multiplying religions that led people to find common ground with each other despite religious differences.
(pp. 106-107).
Bill of Rights
A written list of freedoms the government promises to protect
Act of toleration
This law provided religious freedom for all Christians in the Maryland area, both Catholics and Protestants (not Jews). This law ensured that no one faith could dominate or make another faith follow their rules.
Who were some of the more well-known ministers of The Great Awakening and what was their effect on people?
-George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards appealed to people’s sense of religious devotion. Whitefield’s enthusiastic and energetic way of preaching reached many Christians, as well as the legend that he fought the Devil out of his church in Ipswich. Edwards encouraged people to repent for their sins through a famous speech called “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God.” In his sermon, Edwards warned people about sins and what would happen if they did not repent.
English Bill of Rights
protected the rights of individuals and gave anyone accused of a crime the right to a trial by jury
The slave trade
(p 99-100)-Starting in 1619, Black people in Africa were enslaved by Europeans, who brought them to America. At first, Africans could purchase their freedom and own land. By 1700, they were considered property and not people. Enslaved people were transported through the Triangle Trade and Middle Passage.
How did the Enlightenment inspire people like Ben Franklin to use scientific methods to make society better?
-Franklin’s inventions were inspired by the Enlightenment, which led him to invent things such as the lightning rod, which drew lightning away from other buildings, bifocals, and the Franklin stove that could heat the entire house.
-It also encouraged people to think more logically and keep an open mind about society and its ideas.
William Blackstone
Published the first four volume books in the 1760s
Black Codes
Black Codes denied Blacks their basic rights. Tens of millions were kidnapped and brought to America, travel killed 2-3 million.
After hearing George Whitefield speak, Sarah Edwards, Jonathan Edwards’ wife, wrote, “I have seen upwards of a thousand people hang on his words with breathless silence, broken only by an occasional half-suppressed sob.” What did Whitefield speak about in his sermons that made people so emotional and how do those ideas connect to The Great Awakening?
In encouraging people to self-reflect on their sins, they’ll become emotional. They are being encouraged to reflect through their hearts and not their minds; this means that Whitefield appealed to their faith and their feelings rather than the way they thought. It connects to the Great Awakening because of the connections to the drama and emotion. By appealing to people’s inner faith and responsibilities to God, Whitefield encouraged people to self-reflect, which led to people to think in more depth about what they really believed. These actions led to the splitting of religions into multiple ones.
Great Awakening
A religious revival or movement