California Native Americans
Through storytelling, many Native Americans passed on their __________________.
(vocabulary word)
legends
Which tribe lived in the central part of the coast; ate deer, fish, and whales; and lived in dome-shaped homes covered with wove grass?
Chumash
He found a water route between Russia and present-day Alaska. This passage was later named after him.
Vitus Bering
Who did most of the hard work on the missions?
Native Americans
What is the name of the "Royal Road" that connected the missions?
El Camino Real
If tribes made more things than they needed, they would __________________ them with other groups.
(vocabulary word)
trade
What tribe lived near the Sierra Nevada; ate deer, fish, and acorn; in the winter their homes were half underground covered with dirt, in the summer they had bark houses?
Miwok
He sailed to find a route to Asia. He explored present-day San Diego, Cape San Martin, and San Miguel Island.
Juan Cabrillo
Why did nearly two out of every ten Natives die by the end of the 1800s? Be specific.
The Spanish brought diseases, specifically small pox and measles.
Why did the Spanish build presidios?
Presidios were built to protect the missions from attack.
What tribe believed that an eagle lives in the upper world, humans live in the middle world, and two serpents live in the lower world?
Chumash
What tribe lived near the Mojave Desert; ate antelope and small animals; and lived in reed homes?
Cahuilla
He explored the area from present-day San Diego to present-day Monterey. He made maps of the coast used by other explorers.
Sebastian Vizcaino
What was the purpose of the missions for the Spanish missionaries?
The missionaries wanted to teach religion (Catholicism) and other/Spanish ways of life.
In 1769, Father (1) ___________________ built the first mission in (2) __________________.
(1) Junipero Serra
(2) San Diego
Basket-weaving is a __________________ of the California Native Americans.
(vocabulary word)
tradition
Which tribe lived in the North Coast Ranges; ate deer, fish, acorns; and lived in rectangular homes made from cedar planks with the bottom halves built underground?
Hupa
He found a small bay near present-day San Francisco and named the area Nova (new) Albion.
Sir Francis Drake
After the mission system ended in 1834, many people worked on __________________ instead of missions.
ranchos
Explain how missionaries chose a good place to build a mission.
- Near a large group of California Indians
- Near natural resources, such as rivers, forests, and fertile land for crops
- Close to bays (so that the missions would be safe and easy to get to)
What was daily life like for Native Americans on a mission?
Men: farmed and cared for animals
Women: cooked, sewed, gardened, made candles and soap
Old People: fished and made arrows
What tribe had a myth about how twin brothers created the world?
Cahuilla
He searched for the Northwest Passage, a route that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans which lead him to explorer the west coast of North America.
James Cook.
Give two reasons the Spanish government established the mission system.
The Spanish government established the mission system:
- to rule over California Indians (and have more subjects to rule and protect Spanish land)
- to expand trade and business; missions could become places where trade goods could be bought and sold
- to expand Spanish land claims
How did missions, presidios, and pueblos depend on each other?
- Missions provided food and water to soldiers and taught religion to soldiers who worked at the presidios.
- Missions taught religions to the people who lived in the pueblos.
- Presidios provided protection to the pueblos and the missions.
- Pueblos provided food and water to presidio soldiers.
- Pueblos provided skills and labor (workers) to the missions.