Chapter 1
When everyone of a community shares.
Communal
What was Samuel de Champlain most FAMOUSLY known for?
Founding Quebec
This group of people created a fur trading company to rival the HBC for control of the fur trade.
Nor'Westers
Bilingualism
Being able to speak 2 or more languages
Each First Nations culture is different, but they shared some core values together. This makes up a...
World View
A territory/piece of land controlled by another country.
Colony
Granted to the HBC in 1670, this massive piece of land was named after the company's first governor, included all the land where rivers flowed into Hudson's Bay, and mainly used for the fur trade.
Rupert's Land
Why was transportation crucial in the fur trade?
Traders needed to move their furs/goods to trading posts and areas. Since most of the fur trade was along rivers, they relied on boats a lot to transport furs.
From 1756-1763, this conflict between Britain and France (which almost turned into a world war) ended with Britain gaining control of almost all of France's colonies in North America
The Seven Year War
Judging other people based on your values. The Europeans used to judge other groups by their European standards.
Ethnocentric
Missionaries that came from France, with a mission to convert the First Nations into Christianity.
Jesuits
Who were the Beothuk people, and what happened to them?
The First Nations group who lived in Newfoundland. They went extinct in 1829 due to the Europeans and diseases.
The economic relationship involves European traders and the First Nations, who had something the other wanted. Traders wanted furs, and First Nations wanted European goods (like guns and other tools)
The trade relation between First Nations and Europeans
This military operation involves surrounding a town, village, or city, and cutting off essentials like water and food, waiting as long as they need to until the opposers surrender.
Siege
Corn, Beans and Squash. In traditional teachings, they helped create the Haudenosaunee.
The Three Sisters
When one person/group has full control of a trade, with absolutely no competition.
Monopoly
What was John Cabot mainly known for?
Second European to reach North America, right behind Columbus.
This treaty, negotiated by Governor Frontenac, involved multiple Indigenous nations, including the Iroquois Confederacy, and brought an end to decades of conflict.
La Grande Paix de Montreal (The Great Peace of Montreal)
What happened in 1759? (Seven Years War)
Battle on the Plains of Abraham
This kind of society, diversity is accepted and valued. Different cultures maintain their own identity while contributing to a national identity themselves.
Pluralistic Society
What did the king give to the person who marries one of the Filles du Roi?
An ox, a cow, two pigs, two chickens, beef, and a purse full of money.
France and England fought for years. This treaty was signed in 1713, and gave the French full control over the Fortress of Louisbourg, but the French had to give up Acadia, Newfoundland, Rupert's Land, and Nova Scotia to the British.
The Treaty of Utrecht
Before metal coins were common and actually used, this system got implemented where you trade goods for other goods, like trading furs for weapons.
The Barter System
Governor Charles Lawrence gave the Acadians an ultimatum; Swear loyalty to Britain, or leave. What was their decision on the ultimatum, and what happened?
The Acadians wanted to stay neutral, and ended with all of them being kicked out. They burnt down villages, and killed animals. This was the start of the war.