Historical Foundations
What distinction did the Elizabethan Poor Laws make between types of poor people?
They distinguished between the deserving poor (elderly, disabled, widows, children) and undeserving poor (able-bodied but unwilling to work).
What does "policy implementation" refer to?
The process of putting social welfare policies into action through programs and services.
What is one key characteristic that defines a non-profit social service organization?
They reinvest surplus revenues into their mission rather than distributing profits.
What is the primary goal of a for-profit social service organization?
To generate profits for owners or shareholders through the sale of goods or services.
What local government unit was responsible for administering poor relief under the Elizabethan Poor Laws?
The parish and its overseer of the poor.
Why is stakeholder engagement important in policy analysis?
It ensures policies consider the views and needs of those affected, increasing success and fairness.
Name one common source of funding for non-profits.
Donations, grants, and fundraising activities.
How do for-profit social service organizations primarily generate revenue?
By charging fees for services or selling products.
What were the two types of relief provided under the Elizabethan Poor Laws?
Indoor relief (workhouse for the unworthy poor) and outdoor relief (help for the deserving poor).
What is a "policy gap"?
A situation where there is a need in the population but no existing policy adequately addresses it.
What is a fundamental mission focus of most non-profit social service organizations?
To serve the community and address social needs, such as poverty, education, or health.
In what key way are for-profit organizations different from non-profits?
For-profits distribute profits to owners; non-profits reinvest surplus into their mission.
What was imposed on landowners and tenants to fund poor relief?
A local tax based on property value, called the "poor rate."
Name one common method used in social welfare policy analysis.
Cost-benefit analysis, needs assessment, or stakeholder analysis.
What role does the board of directors play in a non-profit?
They provide governance, oversight, ensure financial stewardship, and support organizational mission.
Give an example of a for-profit social service.
Private healthcare providers, fee-based counseling, or assisted living facilities.
Early social welfare programs in the U.S. were heavily influenced by which of the following: Indigenous governance structures, European charity and poor relief traditions, private insurance companies, 20th-century policies?
European charity and poor relief traditions
What is policy analysis in the context of social welfare?
The systematic evaluation of social policies to determine their effectiveness and impact on populations in need.
What distinguishes non-profits from private, for-profit social service organizations?
Non-profits focus on social missions and reinvest earnings; for-profits aim to generate profits for owners/shareholders
What role does financial performance play in for-profit social service organizations?
It is a key measure of success and sustainability, often prioritized over social goals.