More Social Movements!
This group of black revolutionaries promoted community self defense in response police brutality and sponsored free breakfast programs that FBI director J Eagar Hoover said was the greatest threat to the country.
Who were/are the Black Panthers?
This man is recognized as one of the central Theorists of anti-colonial Marxism, distinct for his psychoanalysis of colonized Africans. He argued for the necessity of violent revolution to overthrow colonialism and published works such as "The Wretched of the Earth" and "Black Skin, White Masks."
Who was Frantz Fanon?
The name of the policy the USSR implemented during the Russian Civil war, including measures such as the further consolidation of state power, rationing of food for the war effort, and the nationalization of industry.
What was War Communism?
The group of professional revolutionaries, comprised of the most advanced section of the working classes, in Marxist-Leninist theory that will lead the masses in a socialist conquest of political power.
What was the Vanguard Party?
This revolutionary stated in her most famous work "But since the final goal of socialism constitutes the only decisive factor distinguishing the Social-Democratic movement from bourgeois democracy and from bourgeois radicalism, the only factor transforming the entire labour movement from a vain effort to repair the capitalist order into a class struggle against this order, for the suppression of this order – the question: 'Reform or Revolution?'"
Who was Rosa Luxemburg?
This socialist revolution involved the extensive struggle against French, Japanese, and American imperialists. They even went to war briefly with China and Cambodia!
What was the Vietnamese Revolution/War for Independence?
The movement that challenges prison slave labor and conditions and aims to replace punitive justice with restorative justice.
What is Prison Abolition?
This woman is considered to be one of the most important Orthodox Marxist thinkers, arguing for the necessity of revolution against popular reformist trends from revisionists such as Edward Bernstein and Karl Kautsky. She also participated in Germany's failed Sparticist revolution and was executed.
Who was Rosa Luxemburg?
This conflict drove a major split in European Socialism, with many social democrats and Electoralists backing their nations' into this conflict while most of the revolutionary socialists rejected what they saw as an imperialist war that divided and slaughtered the proletariat.
What was WWI?
According to Marxist theory, this is the main cause for the boom-bust cycles and 'anarchy in production' characteristic of capitalism.
What is Overproduction?
This man famously stated "The revolution that feeds the children gets my support. Not blindly, not unqualified. And the Reaganite government that tries to stop that kind of process, that tries to keep those people in poverty and illiteracy and hunger, that gets my undiluted animosity and opposition."
Who was Michael Parenti?
The belief that Africa must unite into a singular nation or common political unit to collaborate on its own development and defeat western imperialism.
What is Pan-Africanism?
The name for the chaotic and complex social movement that emerged both from the top and bottom of society in Maoist China that aimed to violently stamp out bourgeois, counter-revolutionary infestations in the state and society writ large.
What was the Cultural Revolution?
This Russian revolutionary and intellectual was a foundational theorist and advocate for Anarchist Communism, arguing in favor of federations of local communes operating on collective political power and common ownership of property while engaging in mutual aid in his work "Conquest of Bread." He also studied the animal kingdom and human history, concluding cooperation was a natural and socially necessary impulse for species survival and development in "Mutual Aid: A Factor in Evolution."
Who was Peter Kropotkin?
This major public service under Khrushchev's government ended up getting named after him.
Khrushchevkas/Public Housing
The two kinds of value that exist in any commodity according to Marx.
What is Use Value and Exchange Value?
This philosopher once said "The less you eat, drink, buy books, go to the theatre or to balls, or to the pub, and the less you think, love, theorize, sing, paint, fence, etc., the more you will be able to save and the greater will become your treasure which neither moth nor rust will corrupt—your capital. The less you are, the less you express your life, the more you have, the greater is your alienated life and the greater is the saving of your alienated being."
Who was Karl Marx?
A term referring to the portion of well-paid workers that, in the context of colonial capitalism, occupy the first world and enjoy a higher standard of living from the concessions granted by capitalists made possible through the resource and labor exploitation of the third world.
What is the labor-Aristocracy?
The main goal of the union strikes we now commemorate as mayday and that violently ended in the Haymarket massacre.
What was the Eight Hour Work-day?
Leader of the anarchist faction of the first international and Marx's main opp, he favored federations of self-managed trade unions to spearhead the socialist revolution instead of a dictatorship of the Proletariat. A foundational anarchist thinker, he was a key theorist of anarchist collectivism and was one of the most important popularizers of anarchism in Europe.
Who was Michael Bakunin
After being nearly surrounded and extinguished by the Guomindang early in the Chinese civil war, this refers to the legendary several thousand kilometer retreat the Chinese communists undertook from 1934 to 1935.
What was the Long March?
This political ideology is a Maoist offshoot originating in India and focuses on the class conflict between indigenous peasants and workers against the landowners and international corporations.
What is Naxalism?
This revolutionary famously opened one of his works with saying "During the lifetime of great revolutionaries, the oppressing classes constantly hounded them, received their theories with the most savage malice, the most furious hatred and the most unscrupulous campaigns of lies and slander. After their death, attempts are made to convert them into harmless icons, to canonize them, so to say, and to hallow their names to a certain extent for the “consolation” of the oppressed classes and with the object of duping the latter, while at the same time robbing the revolutionary theory of its substance, blunting its revolutionary edge and vulgarizing it." A: Vladimir Lenin
Who was Vladimir Lenin?
Anti-Colonial Theorist Frantz Fanon argued this section of the population was the most marginalized in colonized society and possessed the most revolutionary potential.
Who are the Lumpenproletariat?
The name given for the Christian proto-communists in 16th century England during the English Civil war who believed God promised property to all mankind and squatted on privately owned land.
Who were the True Levellers/ the Diggers?
This theorist was in the Maoist communist party of India's central committee and is an important thinker of Marxist Feminism. One of her more well known works is "Philosophical trends in the Feminist movement."
Who was Anuradha Ghandy?
The decisive battle in the first Indochina war, where the Viet Minh logged heavy artillery up steep slopes and even dug out entire tunnels through mountains to bombard the French bastion. The Vietnamese victory resulted in the French withdrawal from Vietnam and was a symbolic rallying cry for colonized people globally, especially in Algeria.
What was Dien Bien Phu?
This idea, proposed by Anarchist Communist Peter Kropotkin, would be the result of advancing technologies and socially owned production, and would allow people the opportunity to spend more of their lives enjoying higher intellectual callings like science and art.
What is the 5hr work day/shortened work day?
This philosopher is famous for exclaiming that "Property is theft!"
Who was Pierre-Joseph Proudhon?
The concept used to describe the global north's coercive trade relationship with the global south where raw materials exported from poor countries are manufactured into finished commodities from rich countries to be sent back to the global south at high prices, creating a debt and underdevelopment cycle for the third world.
What is Unequal Exchange?