Gold Rush
What worker from the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC) found out about the gold?
John Work
What is confederation?
When Canada became a union of countries and political communities. When Canada became a country.
Who were the two major companies in the fur trade?
Hudsons Bay Company (HBC) and the North West Company (NWC)
Who is Simon Fraser?
What year did miners start coming to Victoria?
1858
How did the Nlaka’pamux people feel after the miners came to their land? Did they welcome them?
They did NOT welcome them. When only a few people came, they were able to keep them out. But when thousands came they were taken over and miners set up their camps and worked their claims wherever they liked.
What were some reasons BC decided to join Canada? (Name at least 3 for points)
1.Canada promised to take on BC's debt
2. BC would become a province and would have the status to collect taxes to pay for roads, bridges, and schools.
3. Railway
4. As a province, BC would have it's own government to control most of it's internal affairs.
5. Canada would keep it's ties to Britain
What were some of the animal furs traded?
Beavers, foxes, muskrats, and minx
Who was James Douglas and why was he important?
He was the first governor of BC. He helped establish trade and settlement.
What year did the government get the road to Barkerville built?
1864
What were the steps to stake a claim in gold?
Steps in Staking a Claim: 1. Get a licence to mine. 2. Get to the gold fields quickly. 3. Check various locations for signs of gold. 4. Stake your claim by driving stakes into the ground before anyone else does. 5. Register your claim with officials.
What were some problems the colony of BC had? Name at least 2 problems.
1. Britain did not want BC as a colony anymore it was too expensive.
2. BC had lots of debt from building the Cariboo Road.
3. BC had no money to build roads, bridges, or schools (as a colony it had no power to collect taxes).
4.New businesses in BC wanted to sell products to Canada and the US
5. The USA just bought Alaska and some Americans wanted to buy BC.
6. On it's own, BC could not protect itself from invasion.
What were things a fur traded post needed to be successful? Name at least 3 things.
1. near forests for wood to build and to hunt animals
2. near Indigenous peoples to help trap and hunt the furs
3. near meadows so there would be food for animals to graze on
4. built on flat ground
5. near waterways for travel and access to fresh water
Who was Captain Henry Snyder?
He was one fo the miners leading the militia. He thought miners should have guns to protect themselves and he sent messengers to negotiate peace with the Nlaka'pamux.
When was the Dominion of Canada created?
1867
Why do you think the prices for everyday items such as food and equipment cost so much in the Cariboo mining towns?
Every item has to be transported on a long and difficult journey by steamship up the Fraser River to Yale. After Yale, the only way to get to the gold fields was to haul everything by foot and mule along a 650 km long foot path.
How did confederation affect Indigenous Peoples? Name at least 2 reasons.
1. The Indian Act was created (gave the government even more control over the lives of Indigenous)
2. Government signed treaties to gain control Indigenous lands
3. Some Indigenous peoples were not allowed to leave their reserves to hunt or fish.
4.The land reserves they were given were small.
What were some common areas/buildings found inside of a fur trade fort?
Living quarters, supply buildings, gardens, stables, trading store
Who was Samuel de Champlain? What did he do?
He was a French explorer who set up colonies and trading posts along the St. Lawrence River
When did British Columbia become a part of Canada? (** I will double your points if you know the exact date and not just the year)
July 20, 1871
What were the four causes behind the rush for gold?
The four causes behind the rush for gold were: changes in technology (transportation to get to the gold and tools to get it), the value of gold, gold is a good story, and the herd instinct (people tend to do what other people are doing).
What were the four original provinces who were first part of the Dominion of Canada?
How did the Indigenous Peoples lives change once the explorers came?
they were hunting and trapping to trade, some people moved away from their community to be closer to a trading post, less trade with other First nations, competition within their own communities
Who are 3 explorers who worked for the NWC (northwest company)?
Alexander Mackenzie, Simon Fraser, and David Thompson
The early 1600s