Level 1
How could you describe the mill industry in pre-Civil War era United States?
Manufacturing was a key part of the economy in the Northeast.
What was significant about Seneca Falls for the women’s rights movement?
It was where women publicly demanded equal rights.
What were some of the effects of improved textile machinery and interchangeable parts?
The start of the American industrial revolution
The growth of towns and cities
Compare and contrast the lives of enslaved African Americans in the South and free African Americans in the North during the early 1800s.
In the North as well as the South, African Americans, both free and enslaved, were often denied basic human rights in the early 1800s, including those guaranteed to all men in the U.S. Constitution. While those in the North had the freedom to choose where they lived and worked, they still faced discrimination and often struggled to find work in order to provide a way to pay for housing and other basic needs. Despite the difficulties free African Americans faced, enslaved African Americans did have much harder lives, as they were not given the freedom to decide where they lived, the kind of work they performed, the people for whom they worked, and they often faced neglect, abuse, and worse by those who had enslaved them.
True or False: Schools provided students lunches in the 1800s.
False
What is the MAIN reason that many German immigrants moved west soon after arriving in the United States?
They were seeking economic opportunities.
What complaint did southerners make about William Lloyd Garrison in connection with Nat Turner?
He promoted slave revolts like Turner's with his abolitionist writings.
Why did Quakers and other religious leaders in the North oppose slavery?
They believed it was a sin for one person to own another person.
Why do you think the Industrial Revolution led to so many advances in technology?
The Industrial Revolution began with new inventions and innovations in the textile industry that eventually led to faster and cheaper production of goods. Seeing how machines could increase profits and wealth in the textile industry, entrepreneurs were eager to find other technological solutions to methods of production that still relied on human or animal power. With each new innovation, such as the reaper, the telegraph, and the steam engine, the cost of producing and shipping goods decreased and profits increased. The Industrial Revolution, therefore, encouraged capitalists to invest in—and inspired inventors to develop—technological advances in the production of all types of goods and services primarily for financial reasons.
True or False: Around 100,000 slaves were brought to freedom through the Underground Railroad.
True
Which events occurred as a result of the Industrial Revolution in the United States?
The labor reform movement helped establish trade unions.
The population grew and had more ethnic and religious diversity.
Which of the following is a subject often painted by artists of the Hudson River School?
vivid landscapes in the Northeast
Describe the Underground Railroad.
It brought enslaved people to northern states where slavery had been abolished.
Provide examples to explain how American art changed during the early to mid-1800s.
Before the 1800s, many American artists traveled overseas to study with the European masters. Similar to the changes that occurred in American political and social thought in the 1800s, the concepts of what and how to paint in America also began to change. Artists determined that America’s natural surroundings and people were worthy subjects in their paintings. The Hudson River School, for example, was a group of artists who captured the beauty of the landscapes around the Hudson River region as well as other regions in the Northeast. Other artists, such as George Caleb Bingham, captured frontier life along the Mississippi River. John James Audubon’s book, The Birds of America, provided detailed illustrations of each of the known birds that then existed in America. With this new perspective on what to paint, American artists during the early and mid-1800s began to capture what it was like to be in America and what it was like to be an American.
True or False: The first African American newspaper was The North Star.
False (Freedom's Journal)
What were some of the specific rights women were fighting for at the Seneca Falls convention?
the right for married women to own property
the right to vote
Who was Frederick Douglass and what were some of his views?
Enslaved people’s work was never enough to satisfy a slaveholder.
Who was Henry David Thoreau and what were his views on the US government?
Author. It does very little to help the people.
Describe some of the changes in the United States that caused the change in production.
Cotton cultivation spread steadily westward between 1800 and 1860, bringing millions more acres into cotton production. The cultivation of cotton increased the South’s reliance on enslaved workers. The value and importance of cotton also meant southerners depended on northern and European producers for many manufactured items.
True or False: Illinois was the first state to allow women to divorce their husband on the basis of alcoholism.
False (Indiana)
Which of the following occurred as the United States industrialized?
People moved from the countryside to towns and cities for jobs.
Factory towns developed along rivers.
Why were cities growing in the mid-1800s?
the growth of industrialization and the development of factories
Why were there fewer industries in the South than in the North in the mid-1800s?
People in the South with money bought farmland and enslaved workers.
Many people in the South lacked the money to buy manufactured products.
Explain how politics and religion led to an American era of reform during the early and mid-1800s.
During the early and mid-1800s, Americans began to change their ways of thinking both politically and socially. Although more people were able to vote and could become involved in government, many Americans thought it necessary to change other aspects of American life as well. Issues such as slavery and women’s rights became hot topics. Many argued that the country was not truly democratic because the democratic ideals on which the United States was based would not allow for the existence of slavery. In addition, many Americans felt that women should not be denied the rights guaranteed to men and believed that treating women as less than equal to men was unjust. At the same time, the religious belief in predestination was losing ground, and religious leaders preached that a person’s actions would determine if their soul would be saved. It was believed that in order to save one’s soul one needed to perform good deeds while alive. This belief led to efforts in social reforms that would improve prisons, education, and the treatment of those who were disabled and those who were mentally ill. The combination of changes in political and religious thought inspired the era of reform in the United States that spanned most of the 1800s.
True or False: The first time a woman ran for political office was in 1900.
False (1870)