Socio-Cultural Influences on Health and Well-Being

JEDI PUBLIC HEALTH

100

WHAT IS JEDI PUBLIC HEALTH?

Developing a deeply democratic and pluralistic society, leveraging not only broad social, legal, or political processes, but also making relatively straightforward changes in everyday settings that can lead to measurable population health improvements by disrupting socially-induced accelerated biological wear and tear across body systems (weathering) in everyday life

200

WHAT IS THE SURROUND?

The dominant cultural terms for success or belonging and the phantasms through which they are interpreted to have been met (or not met) by different groups, apportioning power, privilege, and affirmation unequally across social identities

300

WHAT ARE PHANTASMS?

Cognitive imagery and ideas influenced by sociocultural beliefs and attitudes that are purveyors of the surround to our collective hearts and minds / the role of worldview in the imagination, encompassing cognitive phenomena such as sense of self, social categories, and cultural narratives

400

HOW DO LAWS AND POLICIES IMPACT HEALTH?

• Create or enforce negative phantasms about members of non-dominant groups
• Wide-ranging health impacts – mental to mortality
• Signal sociopolitical inclusion or exclusion
• Laws shape social norms – the expressive rule of law

500

DEFINE STEREOTYPE THREAT AND EXPLICATE HOW IT IMPACTS HEALTH. 

• A situational predicament in which one fears confirming, a negative stereotype about their social identity group through one’s behavior or performance
• Being in a stereotype threat condition activates physiological stress processes, raising blood pressure, affecting heart rate and stability, increasing rumination, and selectively recruiting neural networks and reducing working memory – all markers of physiological stress process activation

CULTURAL HUMILITY VS CULTURAL COMPETENCE

100

DEFINE OPTIMAL PRIMARY CARE?

Including an understanding of the cultural, nutritional and belief systems of patients and communities that may assist or hinder effective health care delivery

200

WHAT DOES A MULTICULTURAL MEDICAL EDUCATION DO?

Provide researchers and program developers with the challenge of defining and measuring training outcomes and providing that chosen instructional strategies do indeed produce programs that aim to produce these outcomes

300

WHAT DOES PATIENT-FOCUSED INTERVIEWING AND CARE DO? 

• Less controlling, less authoritative style that signals to the patient that the practitioner values what the patient’s agenda and perspectives are, both biomedical and non-biomedical
• Patient is encouraged to communicate how little or how much culture has to do with that encounter
• Relinquishing the role of expert to the patient

400

DEFINE COMMUNITY-BASED CARE AND ADVOCACY. WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

• A population-based approach to health promotion and disease prevention that works toward the optimal health of communities – physical, mental, and social well-being
• Experience with the community the factors at play in defining health priorities
• Advocacy for changes in the community’s policies and practices that influence determinants of health, causes of disease, and the effectiveness of health services

500

WHY IS THE SELF-REFLECTION AND LIFELONG LEARNER MODEL SO IMPORTANT? WHAT IS ONE THING YOU WANT TO AVOID WITH THIS MODEL. PROVIDE 3 EXAMPLES OF SELF-EXAMINATION METHODS. 

• Training + Self-Reflection + Commitment to a lifelong learning process
• Intellectual and practical leadership that engages physician trainees in an ongoing, courageous, and honest process of self-critique and self-awareness
• Avoid false sense of security in training = stereotyping
• Think about their own background, Small-group discussions, Personal journals, Availability of constructive professional role models from cultural groups and from the trainee’s groups, Videotaping and feedback

CULTURAL IDENTITIES AND HEALTH LIFESTYLES

100

DEFINE HABITUS

The intricate and causal interactions between the cultural and structural dynamics of society and underscore the importance of both cultural and structural factors as determinants of individual behavior

200

DEFINE DOUBLE CONSCIOUSNESS. WHO COINED THE TERM?

WEB DU BOIUS

Simultaneously lived experience of Black people in a ‘Black’ and ‘White’ world

300

WHAT WAS THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY AND WHAT VARIABLES DID THE STUDY EXAMINE?

The purpose of the study was to explore the measures of cultural identity to explain differences in health-related lifestyle practices

4 lifestyle indicators low-fat eating behaviors, leisure time, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol use

400

WHAT WERE THE KEY FINDINGS OF THE STUDY? WHAT IMPLICATIONS DID IT HAVE PERTAINING TO SES?

The results suggest that the risk of coronary heart disease for African-Americans is higher, as indicated by a greater likelihood of smoking and having hypertension.

People don’t necessarily experience material deprivation in terms of lower education, occupation, or lower income. Instead, they experience the results of income, educational, or occupational status deprivation in terms of their abilities to live up to community expectations regarding normal, everyday life.

500

WHAT WERE THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY?

Active participation and a sense of belonging to one’s ethnic group as assessed by one of the cultural identity scales/models are positive psychosocial attributes and are positively related to self-concepts and self-confidence with respect to success in Black and white worlds

Individuals with stronger identification with Black culture had worse scores on the low-fat-eating checklist. Individuals with stronger Black culture (AACIS scores) were more likely to report less low-fat eating. AACIS scores were positively associated with SES because lower fat-eating patterns were associated with higher SES.

Physical activity was also positively related to a stronger relation to Black culture. Like the low-fat pattern, physical activity was strongly associated with SES. High levels of activity meant higher SES.

CULTURE, SES, AND HEART DISEASE

100

WHAT VARIABLES DID THEY USE TO MEASURE HEALTH?

Arterial blood pressure, smoking behavior, and ratio of total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol

200

WHAT WAS THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY?

The purpose was to examine a cultural dimension of socioeconomic differences as a measure of cardiovascular disease risk in a Black community in the rural American South. Being able to link individual behavior to cultural models of behavior may lead to new avenues of investigation in behavioral medicine, and ultimately to new ways of ameliorating inequalities in health.

300

WHAT IS A CULTURAL CENSUS ANALYSIS?

A technique that identifies shared values within groups, and took it a step further by  assessing the degree to which people adhere to their culture and how this adherence can influence their health risk.

400

WHAT WERE THE KEY FINDINGS OF THE STUDY? WHAT IMPLICATIONS DID IT HAVE PERTAINING TO SES?

The results suggest that the risk of coronary heart disease for African-Americans is higher, as indicated by a greater likelihood of smoking and having hypertension.

People don’t necessarily experience material deprivation in terms of lower education, occupation, or lower income. Instead, they experience the results of income, educational, or occupational status deprivation in terms of their abilities to live up to community expectations regarding normal, everyday life.

500

HAVE YOU SEEN THIS OCCUR IN YOUR OWN COMMUNITIES? IN A FRIEND'S COMMUNITY? DISCUSS.

NO RIGHT ANSWER