Theorists
They coined the term “Survival of the fittest”
Who was Herbert Spencer
A view of society where society functions well together as a whole
What is Structural Functionalism?
A series of steps to conduct a scientific experiment; to answer a question
What is the Scientific Method?
The scientific and systematic study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions
What is sociology?
The act of viewing another culture based on your own culture’s standards
What is Ethnocentrism?
The first African American to receive a PhD from Harvard
Who was W.E.B. Du Bois?
A social theory that posits that society is in a state of perpetual conflict because of competition for limited resources
What is conflict theory?
An in-depth analysis of a single event, situation or individual
What is a case study?
A method of collecting data from subjects who respond to a series of questions about their behaviors and opinions
What is a survey?
The deliberate imposition of one’s own cultural values on another culture
What is Cultural Imperialism?
The author of the Communist Manifesto
Who was Karl Marx?
A state in structural functionalism where all parts of a society are stable and work together
What is Dynamic Equilibrium?
The process of gathering primary data from a natural environment
What is field research?
The alteration of behavior by a subject caused by their awareness of being watched
What is the Hawthorne Effect?
The process of assessing a specific culture based on their standards
What is Cultural Relativism?
They founded the “Hull House” for immigrants
Who was Jane Addams?
A micro-level paradigm focused on the one-on-one interactions between individuals
What is Symbolic Interactionism?
The term for a connection between two variables that does not necessarily describe a causation
What is correlation?
An awareness of the relationship between a person’s behavior and experience and the wider culture that shaped the person’s choices and perceptions.
What is Sociological Imagination?
The belief that another culture is superior to one’s own
What is Xenocentrism?
They theorized that social facts could be used to determine a society’s stability
Who is Émile Durkheim?
An elaboration of conflict theory incorporating other social sciences and philosophy used to address and change inequalities
What is Critical Theory?
The immersion of a researcher in the natural setting of their subjects
What is Ethnography?
When a researcher immerses herself in a group or social setting in order to make observations from an “insider” perspective
What is participant observation?
The theory that people view the world based on their language
What is the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis?