Culture
a culture’s standard for discerning what’s good and just in society
Values
Culturally universal social institution that represents a system of belief that adds meaning to people’s lives and provides answers to difficult questions
Religion
minority demographic whose members are perceived to achieve a higher degree of socioeconomic success than the population
Model Minority
Goal-oriented and largely concerned with accomplishing set tasks
Instrumental Leader
Marriage between people of different social categories
Exogamous
A pattern or trait common to all societies
Cultural Universal
Saw that religion was very influential over the economy and the habits of workers. Specifically studied the relationship between capitalism and Protestantism.
Max Weber
Benefits that accrue just by being white
White privilege
More concerned with promoting emotional strength and health, and ensuring that people feel supported
Expressive Leader
Marriage between people of similar social categories
Endogamous
Assessing a culture by its own standards rather than viewing it through the lens of one’s own culture
Cultural Relativism
Conflict Theory
Marx
ruled by a small group of elites
Oligarchy
Issue orders and assign tasks
Authoritarian Style
Determined by income, employment, and class
Standard of Living
A cultural group that rejects some/all aspects of mainstream culture. Usually associated with wanting others to abandon the mainstream culture and join them instead.
Counter-culture
Symbolic Interactionism
interested in how ordinary objects become sacred
Familiarity with the high/elite culture of a society
Cultural Capital
Work hard to build consensus before choosing a course of action and moving forward
Democratic Style
Upward vs Downward?
Upward Mobility = refers to an increase—or upward shift—in social class.
Downward Mobility = indicates a lowering of one’s social class.
Consequences for social actions. Can be positive or negative. Can be formal or informal.
Sanctions
Structural Functionalism
Durkheim
The learning of academic facts and concepts?
Formal Education
Hands-off, allowing group members to self-manage and make their own decisions
Laissez Faire Style
Intragenerational vs intergenerational?
Intragenerational mobility = moving up or down the social ladder during your lifetime.
Intergenerational mobility= moving up or down the social ladder across generations.