Key Terms
the scientific and systematic study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions, from small and personal groups to very large groups.
Sociology
a testable proposition
Hypotheses
this man theorized that many of his patients’ problems arose from the unconscious mind.
Sigmund Freud
are oversimplified generalizations about groups of people
Stereotypes
A nation’s flag is:
a. A symbol
b. A value
c. A culture
d. A folkway
refers to the group’s shared practices, values, and beliefs.
Culture
a group of people who live in a defined geographical area who interact with one another and who share a common culture
Society
this man concentrated on how behavior was affected by its consequences.
B.F. Skinner
a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.
Humanism
The Ku Klux Klan is an example of what part of culture?
a. Counterculture
b. Subculture
c. Multiculturalism
d. pop culture
refers to the scientific study of the mind and behavior. Psychologists use the scientific method to acquire knowledge.
Psychology
a proposed explanation about social interactions or society
Theory
________ is most well-known for proposing his hierarchy of needs
a. Noam Chomsky
b. Carl Rogers
c. Abraham Maslow
d. Sigmund Freud
The way inequities and inequalities contribute to social, political, and power differences and how they perpetuate power.
Conflict Theory
Functionalism
Symbolic Interactionism
The irrational fear or hatred of another culture is called:
a. ethnocentrism
b. xenophobia
c. xenophile
d. ethnophobia
the integration of international trade and finance markets
Globalization
mainstream, widespread patterns among a society’s population
popular culture
this man did research on the digestive system of dogs unexpectedly led to his discovery of the learning process now known as classical conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
focuses on patterns of thoughts and behaviors that make each individual unique
Personality Psychology
If someone wanted to become a psychology professor at a 4-year college, they would probably need a ________ degree in psychology
a. bachelor of science
b. bachelor of art
c. master’s
d. PhD
the scientific study of development across a lifespan.
Developmental Psychology
explores how our biology influences our behavior.
Biopsychology
used the principles of classical conditioning in the study of human emotion.
John B. Watson
is a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience.
Learning
is a process by which we learn to associate stimuli and, consequently, to anticipate events
Classical Conditioning