Subcultures and Countercultures
What is subculture?
A smaller group within a culture that shares distinct values, norms, or practices.
What is innovation in cultural change?
The introduction of new objects or ideas to a culture.
What are values?
Standards that people use to decide what is good, bad, desirable, or undesirable.
An object, gesture, or image that represents something else and carries meaning.
What is a symbol in sociology?
Shared beliefs, values, and practices of a group.
What is culture?
What is counter culture?
A subculture that rejects and opposes mainstream culture.
What is diffusion?
The spread of cultural beliefs and practices from one group to another.
What are norms?
Rules and expectations that guide behavior in society.
Why is language important in culture?
It allows communication and the transmission of cultural values.
What is the difference between material and nonmaterial culture?
Material = physical objects (clothes, tech); Nonmaterial = ideas, values, beliefs.
Give an example of a subculture.
Ex: Gamer, Amish, Skater etc.
What is globalization in relation to culture?
The worldwide exchange and blending of cultural elements
What is the difference between folkways and mores?
Folkways = casual norms with mild consequences; Mores = norms with great moral significance
Language shapes how people perceive and experience the world.
What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?
Term that describes judging another culture by the standards of one’s own?
What is Ethnocentrism?
Give and example of counter culture
Anarchists, survivalists, cult groups etc.
What is high culture?
Cultural experiences and attitudes associated with the elite in society.
What are formal norms?
Norms that are written down or codified (laws, policies).
Marriage, language, family, music, cooking, etc. are all examples of...
A cultural universal
Assessing a culture by its own standards, not judging by another culture.
What is cultural relativism?
What is multiculturalism
Recognizing and valuing diverse cultures within a society.
What is popular culture?
Cultural patterns widespread among a society’s general population.
What are sanctions?
Rewards or punishments that enforce conformity to norms.
What is the difference between gestures and symbols?
Gestures are body language signals; symbols have broader meanings that represent ideas or concepts.
Who coined the term “cultural lag”?
William F. Ogburn.