Classical Theories/Approaches
this approach sees society as a complex system whose parts contribute to order and stability.
Structural/functionalist approach
this is the study of human society, The social world, Human beings in group
sociology
This sociologist wrote the communist manifesto, and argued that class position and the extent of our income and wealth are determined by our work situation, or our relationship to the means of production.
This concept refers to the extent to which a study or research instrument yields consistent results.
reliability
This is understood as cultural patterns that set apart some segment of a society’s population.
subculture
this approach Sees society as a collection of groups competing over power and resources.
social conflict approach
A sociological ___________ provides sociologists with a framework or philosophical position to understand society.
perspective
this person, known as the father of symbolic interactionism/interactionism, divided the “I” and the “Me.”
George Herbert Mead
This refers to the degree to which a measure or question truly reflects the phenomenon under study.
Validity
This is defined as the cultural pursuits and the cultural products used by large numbers of the population.
popular culture
this approach directs sociologists to consider the symbols and details of everyday life. People attach meanings to symbols and act according to their interpretations of these symbols.
symbolic interactionist
This is the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human group or society.
culture
this theorist coined the term sociology and is seen as the founder of sociological positivism
August Comte
This type of research is done by formulating a theory and testing it
deductive
This refers to data relating to the population and particular groups within it.
demographics
the three main theoretical approaches of sociology are:
Conflict Theory, Symbolic Interactionism, and structural Functionalism
A ___________ is a large grouping that shares the same geographic territory and is subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
society
From sociologist Emile Durkheim’s perspective, ___________ refers to the social cohesion in preindustrial societies, in which there is minimal division of labor and people feel united by shared values and common social bonds.
mechanical solidarity
While using ______________ research methods, researchers often gather data in natural settings, such as where the person lives or works, rather than in a laboratory or other research settings; this research uses interpretive description rather than statistics
qualitative
This is the disorientation that people feel when they encounter cultures radically different from their own.
culture shock
this approach Focuses on power relations in society
social conflict approach
These are collective ideas about what is right or wrong, good or bad, and desirable or undesirable in a particular culture.
values
according to this sociologist, the ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society is referred to as the sociological imagination
C. Wright Mills
This research is based on the goal of scientific objectivity and focuses on data that can be measured in numbers.
Quantitative
This is a set of organized beliefs and norms that establishes how a society will attempt to meet its basic social needs.
social institution