Perspectives
This perspective based on class conflict was created by Karl Marx.
What is Marxism?
This perspective states that people are influenced by large structures in society such as laws, government, education, religion, family, etc.
What is structuralism?
These are types of behavior that society expects of its people.
What are norms?
Used as a form of social control to encourage good behavior
rewards
This is the study of society and human behavior
What is sociology?
A gender-based conflict theory perspective.
What is feminism?
Says that people are the most important influence on society because they make up and can influence large social structures (family, religion, education, etc).
What is interpretivism?
Standards that societies used to judge if something is right or wrong. (freedom of expression, justice, equality, etc)
What are values?
These are people who are of the same social status as you (examples: students, teachers, teenagers, employees).
Who/what are peers?
The father of sociology.
Who is Auguste Comte?
A perspective in research that emphasizes objective data. It uses statistics and numbers to do this via surveys and questionnaires.
What is positivism?
A group of theories that state that society is not stable because different groups are struggling with each other because of many different reasons.
What is conflict theory?
What are conflict theories?
Statements / opinions that people believe are true. They are based on values. "If a person works hard, they will be successful" -- based on a societal value of "hardworking"
What are beliefs?
Cultures that exist within a larger culture that are a reaction to or against the "main" culture.
What are subcultures?
A key structuralist that studied suicide in different societies.
Who is Emile Durkheim?
The most important sociological perspective of the 20th century.
What is functionalism?
The "have nots" of Marxism who struggle for money, power, and influence.
Who are the proletariat?
This refers to changes that are happening in businesses, politics, and culture because geography is no longer a limit on human behavior.
What is globalization?
The USA, the UK, and India are examples of these.
What are multicultural societies?
Language, norms of dress/appearance, food + drink, traditions (rituals/festivals), ideas of morality.
What are ways cultures can vary? What are some ways cultural diversity can be seen?
A perspective that views the world through people's responses to agreed-upon things such as gestures, signs, facial expressions, emojis, etc.
What is symbolic interactionism?
These are the "haves" of Marxism who have money, power, and influences
Who are the bourgeoisie?
A mindset in which people view / see cultures on their own terms, not by comparing them with or judging them using their own cultures.
Cultural Relativism
Symbols, languages, values, norms, beliefs
What are the elements / parts of culture? What makes up human culture?
Parts of society that have their own sets of norms and values
What are social institutions?