What is Sociology
A social science studies society, communities, and patterns of human behavior using a scientific method.
Sociology
This term refers to the overall strategy or approach a researcher uses to conduct a study.
Methodology.
These are the two key elements of social structure that guide behavior and shape opportunities.
Rules and Resources
Through____ a person learns the norms, values, and behaviors necessary to function in society.
Socialization.
Pierre Bourdieu used this term to describe knowledge, skills, education, and advantages that help individuals gain social mobility.
Cultural capital
This figure is considered to have completed the first sociological study. His work remains relevant today.
Ibn Khaldun
These are the five core elements of research: systematic, empirical, data-driven, theoretical, and ____ which is responsible for guiding principles ensuring no harm to participants.
Ethics/ethical
These are large, organized systems in society; like education, family, and government. They structure social life and and serve functions.
Social institutions.
This concept, developed by Pierre Bourdieu, refers to the deeply ingrained habits, skills, tastes, preferences and dispositions we acquire.
Habitus
This theorist claimed that suicide rates are corelated with a persons religion.
Emile Durkheim
This theory/perspective focuses on how individuals create meaning through everyday interactions and symbols.
Symbolic interactionism.
This type of research uses interviews, focus groups, and observations to understand experiences and meanings.
Qualitative research.
This term describes the process by which certain groups are pushed to the edges of society and denied full access to resources and opportunities.
Social marginalization.
Emile Durkheim described these as the norms, values, and rules that exist outside the individual but shape behavior. He used a special term.
Social Facts
This model applies the idea of “survival of the fittest” to societies and their religious practices.
Social Darwinism.
This theory (theoretical approach) focuses on how society is shaped by inequality, power struggles, and competing interests between groups.
Conflict theory
This concept involves clearly defining how a variable will be measured or observed in a study.
This sociologist introduced ideas like the “iron cage” and analyzed how rationalization shapes modern society.
Max Weber
These are subtle acts of control or minor offenses that enforce social norms, such as hazing or microaggressions.
Negative social sanction/social punishment.
This hypothesis suggests that the language we speak shapes how we perceive and think about the world.
What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis (or linguistic determinism)
The sociological imagination, developed by C. Wright Mills, emphasizes not only understanding the link between personal troubles and social issues, but also claimed that sociologists had a responsibility to ________. This made him controversial at the time of his publication.
Take action
This famous unethical study observed untreated syphilis in Black men in the U.S., highlighting the importance of modern research ethics.
Tuskegee Study.
In his theory on capitalism, Karl Marx, explains how through ______ workers become disconnected from their labor, the products they create, and their own 'species being'.
Alienation.
This sociological concept explains how some people or behaviors are defined as abnormal or deviant, often reinforcing social hierarchies. Commonly associated with Edward Said and his description of oriental___.
'Others'
This theorist argued that religion can help maintain social control by creating false consciousness and reinforcing dominant ideologies.