Crime
Crime is beneficial to society.
What is the functionalist perspective on crime?
Hervieu-Leger
Who referred to religious consumption as spiritual shopping?
When you believe what people say about you and so you become what they said you would.
What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?
because of the Divorce Reform Act of 1969, it became easier to obtain marriage and this resulted in the stigma surrounding divorce decreasing too - this meant that there was a decrease in the nuclear family and an increase in more diverse family patterns.
How has divorce impacted family patterns?
the family performs an ideological function - it socialises members to accept capitalism and actively participate in it.
An Interactionists evaluation of the Functionalists perspective on crime.
this is a religious organisation without exclusive membership but they still don't quite appeal to the whole of the society
What is a denomination?
this is where there are different norms and values within a group of people, they often differ from the shared consensus of wider/mainstream society.
What is a sub-culture?
Postman
Which sociologists said that childhood was dissapearing?
religion oppresses and maintains the patriarchy.
What is the Feminist perspective on religion?
Durkheim's perspective on crime.
we have moved from obligation to consumption, we can believe without belonging and we use religion or spirituality as a public utility now.
What did Davie identify about religion?
working - class parents don't have the same disposable income as middle-class parents, this results in working - class children underachieving within the education system.
What is the material explanation for the difference in educational achievement?
due to rapid technological advancements, childhood is actually becoming toxic.
What are Palmer's views on childhood?
to truly study society we must look at individual meanings and the interactions within society.
What is the interactionist perspective?
Not all people are punished equally within the justice system, so the justice system solely benefits the powerful far more than the powerless.
An evaluation of the Functionalist perspective on crime and deviance. [Marxist/Feminist evaluation]
marginality, relative deprivation and social change.
What are the reasons for a growth in NRM's?
this sociologist identified these as a cultural explanation for differences in educational achievement, our speech and language makes a difference in our academic performance and hard to socialise with teachers.
What is Bernstein's restricted and elaborated code an explanation for?
How did the Divorce Reform Act of 1969 affect families?
the family isn't a fixed, rigid structure; we can choose our own families, to study families we should study the meanings attached to those relationships.
this is when there is a demand from a cultural goal to earn money but there are a lack of opportunities and this leads to frustrations and additional pressures and results to people achieving their cultural goal through illegitimate ways.
What is Merton's strain theory?
Popper
Which sociologist argued that science is an 'open' belief system where every scientists theories are open to scrutiny?
this study was to examine labelling theory - the sociologists labelled some of the class 'spurters' and others 'flouters', although there were no gaps in their educational achievement before the study after being labelled the 'spurters' performed significantly better and the 'flouters' worse.
improved nutrition, improved medical knowledge and research, public health measures, smoking and diet and other social factors.
What are some of the reasons for the decline in the death rate?
family diversity is dysfunctional and it results in criminality and under-achievement, the welfare state is overgenerous and it encourages dysfunctional family types such as lone-parent's.
What is the New Right perspective on family diversity?