Sociology Unit 2 (Part 1)

A

100

Knowledge, values, customs, and physical objects that are shared by members of a society is known as __________

Culture

200

A group of people who live in a defined territory and participate in a common culture is known as a ____________

Society

300

__________ are genetically inherited patterns of behavior

Instincts

400

A ___________ is an automatic reaction to physical stimulus

Reflex

500

____________ is the study of the biological basis of human behavior.

Sociobiology

B

100

Something that stands for or represents something else is known as a ___________

Symbol

200

__________ are rules defining appropriate and inappropriate behavior.

Norms

300

_________ are norms that lack moral significance.

Folkways

400

__________ are norms that have moral dimensions and should be followed by members of a society.

Mores

500

_________ is a rule of behavior, the violation of which calls for strong punishment.

Taboo

C

100

A ________ is a norm that is formally defined and enforced by officials.

Law

200

__________ are broad ideas about what is good or desirable shared by people in a society.

Values

300

Ideas, knowledge, and beliefs that influence people's behavior is known as ___________ culture

Nonmaterial

400

The concrete, tangible objects are known as __________ culture.

Material

500

List (3) reasons why culture changes:

Discovery, Invention, and Diffusion

D

100

A ____________ is a group that is part of the dominant culture but that differs from it in some important aspects.

Subculture

200

___________ is a subculture that deliberately and consciously opposes certain central beliefs or attitudes of the dominant culture.

Counterculture

300

__________ is the process of learning to participate in a group.

Socialization

400

Harry Harlow (psychologist) devised a famous experiment that showed the negative effects of social isolation on _____________ (animal).

Monkeys

500

List the (3) theoretical perspectives in Sociology:

Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism

E

100

An image of yourself having an identity separate from other people is known as  _____  _____.

Self concept

200

The ______ _____ self is an image of yourself based on what you believe others think of you.

Looking glass

300

_____  ______ are those people whose reactions are most important to your self-concept.

Significant others

400

A set of individuals of roughly the same age and interests is known as the _____  _____.

Peer group

500

List the (4) major "Agents" of socialization during childhood and adolescence:

Family, School, Peer Group, and Mass Media