II - Characteristics of Living Things
Page 3, II A.
1. ____ - smallest unit of all life
2. __________ - get and use energy in order to carry out life functions
What is:
1. Cell
2. Metabolism
Page 4, III A 1.
e. Cells are mostly _____, therefore much of your entire body is made of water.
~ The pH scale is from 0-14. _____ range 0-6. _____ range8-14. A neutral solution has a pH of _.
What is:
e. water
~acids; bases; 7
Page 5,
3c. photosynthesis converts _____ energy into ________ energy.
What is:
solar; chemical
Page 6,
B. There are ____ (number) different organic compounds. All organic molecules contain _____ and are necessary for ____!!!!
What is:
B. four; carbon; life
Page 7,
4a. The two type of nucleic acids are ___ and ___
c. ___ is common to all living things and it stores genetic information
k. ___ is single stranded, and ___ is double stranded
What is:
a. DNA; RNA
c. DNA
k. RNA; DNA
Page 3, II A.
6. ________ - pass on traits to offspring
7. _________ - populations of organisms change over time
What is:
6. Heredity
7. Evolution
Page 4, III A 1.
a. Water molecules have an unevenly distributed charge, this means that the molecule is _____.
b. ________ _______ is the attraction between the positive end of one water molecule and the negative end of another water molecule.
d. Because water is a polar molecule, it is called the universal _______ which means that it can dissolve many substances
What is:
a. Polar
b. Hydrogen bonding
d. solvent
Page 5,
3h. the gas made by respiration is ___; the gas taken in by photosynthesis is ___.
What is:
h. CO2; CO2
Page 6,
B1.
a. Carbohydrates are _____ to store energy in plants and are ______ ____ to be used as cellular energy to accomplish the characteristics of life.
b. _______________ are the building clocks of carbohydrates, example _______
What is:
a. built; broken down
b. Monosaccharides; glucose
Page 7,
4f. The shape of a DNA Molecule is a _______ _____, discovered by ______ & _____.
g. ________ ________ took X-ray photographs of DNA that helped determine DNA's structure.
What is:
f. double helix; Watson & Crick
g. Rosalind Franklin
Page 3, II A.
3. _______________ - organisms rely on each other to survive
4. _________ - either asexually or sexually
5. ___________ - maintain a constant internal environment, ex. body temperature
What is:
3. Interdependence
4. Reproduce
5. Homeostasis
Page 4, III A 1.
c. Many of the unique properties of water are caused by hydrogen bonding
~_________ ______ is the movement of water up thin tubes, due to ________ which means that water molecules 'stick' to each other and ________ which means that water molecules can stick to other substances.
What is:
~Capillary Action; cohesion; adhesion
Page 5,
3i. the gas taken in by respiration is __; the gas produced by photsynthesis is __/
What is:
I. O2; O2
Page 6,
B2.
a. lipids are organic compounds that include ___, ___, and ___.
b. lipids are used to _____ energy in animals
c. leaves have a protective lipid ayer called the _______ that prevents water loss.
d. lipids like those in whale blubber and human fat help ________ organisms, protecting them and keeping them warm.
What is:
a. fat; oil; wax
b. store
c. cuticle
d. insulate
Page 7,
4h. ___________ is a process that makes an exact copy of DNA
l. ___ is copied by ___ which becomes the pattern for making proteins
m. _______ engineering involves inserting foreign DNA into host DNA to make recombinant DNA
What is:
h. Replication
l. DNA; RNA
m. Genetic
Page 3, II B.
1. ____: the smallest unit of life
2. ______: a group of cells taht carry out a similar function
3. _____: a group of tissues that carry out a specialized function in the body
4. _____ ______: a group of organs that work together to perform body functions
5. ________: a single living thing
What is:
1. Cell
2. Tissue
3. Organ
4. Organ System
5. Organism
Page 4 & 5, III A 2.
a. water falls to the ground in the form of precipitation. (letter _)
b. it percolates through the soil to make ground water. (letter _)
c. water that doesn't go into the ground is called run off. (letter_)
d. water take into plants through the roots by capillary action.
e. transpiration is the process of releasing water vapor into the atmosphere from plant leaves. (letter _)
f. evaporation puts water from oceans and lakes into the atmosphere. (letter _)
g. water in the atmosphere forms droplets in clouds by condensation. (letter _)
What is:
a. B
b. C
c. E
e. F
f. A
g. G
Page 5,
3.
a. __________ use organelles called ____________ in their leaves to collect _____ energy.
b. _____________ occurs so plants can make _______ to use for energy.
e. animals cannot make their own food therefore they are called ____________.
What is:
a. Autotrophs; chloroplasts; solar
b. Photosynthesis; glucose
e. heterotrophs
Page 6,
B3.
a. Proteins are made up of _____ _____ joined together by _______ bonds.
b. _______ are a special group of proteins that _____ __ reactions.
c. Enzymes have ______ _____ with specific shapes that allow them to interact with only one type of _________.
d. Enzymes are ________ during reactions.
What is:
a. Amino acids; peptide
b. Enzymes; speed up
c. active sites; substrate
d. unchanged
Page 7,
4b. The building block of nucleic acid is a __________, which is made of a _________, a _____, and a ________ ____.
i. The sugar in DNA is ___________, but the sugar in RNA is ______.
What is:
b. nucleotide; phosphate; sugar; nitrogen base
i. deoxyribose; ribose
Page 3, II B.
6. __________: a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area and can interbreed
7. ______: a group of organisms that look similar and can produce fertile offspring
8. _________: a group of different species that live in the same habitat and interact with one another
9. _________: a community of organisms and their non-living environment
10. _________: all of the world and it's atmosphere that support life
What is:
6. Population
7. Species
8. Community
9. Ecosystem
10. Biosphere
1.
c.
~The property that helps bugs stand on water is called _______ _______.
~Water expands when it freezes which makes ice _____
~Water has a ____ ____ ________ which means it takes a lot of energy to raise or lower its temperature. This is important because it helps organisms maintain ___________ by keeping a constant ____ ___________.
What is:
~surface tension
~float
~high heat capacity; homeostasis; body temperature
Page 5,
3.
e. photosynthesis uses ___, _____ and _____ energy to form __ & _______.
g. respiration uses __ and _______ to produce _____ and ___.
What is:
e. CO2; water; solar; O2; glucose
g. O2; glucose; water; CO2
Page 7,
4d. In DNA, ________ bonds with _______ and ________ bonds with ________.
e. The nitrogen bases are held together by ________ _____.
j. In DNA adenine bonds with ________, but in RNA it bonds with ______.
What is:
d. adenine; thymine; cytosine; guanine
e. hydrogen bonds
j. thymine; uracil