Matter & Atoms (PS.2)
The three subatomic particles that make up an atom.
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
These vertical columns on the periodic table tell you the number of valence electrons.
Groups or Families
This type of bond involves the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal.
Ionic Bond
The Law stating that matter cannot be created or destroyed, only rearranged.
Law of Conservation of Mass
Often called the "powerhouse," this organelle converts glucose into ATP.
Mitochondria
This state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container.
Liquid
Elements in Group 18 that are generally non-reactive.
Noble Gases
This type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between two non-metals.
Covalent Bond
The substances located on the left side of a chemical equation.
Reactants
The green pigment in plant cells that captures sunlight for photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
Isotopes
This zig-zag line separates the metals from the non-metals.
The Metalloid Staircase
The "rule" stating that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to have a full set of 8.
Octet Rule
To balance an equation, you can change these large numbers in front of a formula, but never the subscripts.
Coefficients
Unlike animal cells, plant cells have this rigid outer layer for support.
Cell Wall
The phase change where a solid turns directly into a gas without becoming a liquid.
Sublimation
This number represents the total number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
Atomic Number
In a polar covalent bond, electrons are shared this way.
Unequally
Balance this: H2 + O2 → H2O.
2, 1, 2
This organelle acts as the "brain" or control center, containing the cell's DNA.
Nucleus
According to this scientist’s "Plum Pudding" model, atoms are spheres of positive charge with electrons embedded in them.
J.J. Thomson
These elements in Groups 3-12 often form colorful compounds and include Iron, Gold, and Copper.
Transition Metals
A group of atoms bonded together that acts as a single unit with a net charge, such as OH-
Polyatomic Ion
This type of reaction involves one element replacing another in a compound.
Single Replacement
The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane.
Osmosis