Solar System Unit

Vocabulary

100

It is an ice body that releases gas or dust.

Comet

200

These are comets that take less than 200 years to complete an orbit around the Sun.

Short Period Comet

300

These are remains of meteoroids that successfully reached the Earth’s surface.

Meteorites 

400

This tail of the comet is also known as ion or plasma tail.

Gas tail

500

It is an asteroid sharing an orbit with a planet.

Trojan Asteriod

Multiple Choice

100

1. Among the given planets, which one has the strongest gravitational force?

   1. Earth 

   2. Jupiter

   3. Saturn 

   4. Venus

2. Jupiter

200

1. Which characteristic of a star usually reflects its surface temperature?

   1. brightness 

   2. color 

   3. distance 

   4. size

2. Color

300

1. What is the smallest size of a star?

   1. giant 

   2. neutron 

   3. supergiant 

   4. white dwarf

2. Neutron

400

1. Which color of the star has the lowest temperature?

   1. blue 

   2. red 

   3. white 

          4. yellow        

2. Red

500

1. Which is the correct arrangement of inner planets, from nearest to farthest from the Sun?

   1. Mercury 🡪 Venus 🡪 Earth 🡪 Mars 

   2. Venus 🡪 Mars 🡪 Earth 🡪 Mercury

   3. Mercury 🡪 Earth 🡪 Venus 🡪 Mars 

   4. Mars 🡪 Earth 🡪 Venus 🡪 Mercury

1. Mercury - Venus - Earth - Mars

True and false

100

Nuclear ^fission is the reaction within the star’s core that generates the primary energy source of stars.

False, Fussion

200

^{Super force} is the combination of all four natural forces that are present in the Universe.

True

300

A ^galaxy is a set of stars with a recognized pattern in the sky.

False, Constellation 

400

^Asterism is a smaller pattern of stars in a constellation.

True

500

The Oort cloud is a region beyond Pluto’s orbit where ^short-period comets originate.

False, Long - period

Extend Response

100

Giants

Giants have high luminosity but have lower surface temperatures compared to main-sequence stars.

200

Main Sequence

The luminosity and temperature of a main-sequence star are set by its mass. More massive means brighter and hotter.

300

To what category does the Sun belong? What does this imply about Sun’s life?

The Sun belongs to the main sequence star. This means that it is in the middle part of its life cycle.

400

What are the four types of exoplanets? Describe each type. 

The four types of exoplanets are gas giants, Neptune-like or Neptunian, Super-Earth, and terrestrial. Gas giants are large exoplanets that are mostly composed of helium and/or hydrogen. Neptunian exoplanets are those that are similar in size to Neptune or Uranus. Super-earth are terrestrial exoplanets that are bigger than Earth while terrestrial are rocky exoplanets that are much smaller than Earth.

500

What two characteristics of stars are plotted on the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram?

The two characteristics of stars that are plotted on the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram are luminosity and surface temperature.

Planets

100

What is the middle planet 

sun

200

2. what is the farthest planet 

neptune

or 

pluto

300

3. What is the closet planet

Mercury

400

4. What are the four inner planets

Mercury, Venus,  Earth, and Mars

500

5. Four outer planets ?

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune