Basic Concepts
Define solute
What is being dissolved by the solvent (you add it)
What does M stand for in chemistry?
Molarity
What happens to concentration when you add more solvent?
A: It decreases
What does a solubility curve show?
How much solute dissolves at different temperatures
Name one always soluble ion.
A: Examples: Na⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻
What is the substance that does the dissolving?
Solvent
What is the formula for molarity?
M = moles of solute / liters of solution
What is the dilution formula?
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
If a point is below the curve, what type of solution is it?
Unsaturated
Is NaCl soluble or insoluble?
A: Soluble
What do we call a mixture where a solute is evenly dissolved in a solvent?
Homogenous Solution
How many moles are in 1 L of a 2.0 M solution?
2.0 moles
If you dilute a solution from 1.0 M to 0.5 M, what happens to volume?
It doubles
If a point is on the curve, what type of solution is it?
Saturated
Q: Will AgCl dissolve in water?
A: No (insoluble)
What term describes a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute?
Saturated
What is the molarity if 0.5 moles are dissolved in 2 L?
0.25 M
: A 1.0 M solution becomes 0.25 M. By what factor did the volume change?
It increased by 4 times
If a point is above the curve, what type of solution is it?
A: Supersaturated
Q: What forms when two aqueous solutions create a solid?
A: Precipitate
What is the difference between soluble and insoluble?
Soluble dissolves in water; insoluble does not
How many moles are in 0.75 L of a 3.0 M solution?
2.25 moles
You have 2.0 M and want 1.0 M. If you start with 100 mL, what is final volume?
200 mL
What generally happens to solubility of solids as temperature increases?
A: It increases
Q: Predict if a precipitate forms: NaCl + AgNO₃
A: Yes, AgCl forms