Dissolving
The substance in a solution that is present in the largest amount and acts as the dissolving agent.
Solvent
A homogeneous solid solution is also known as a(n):___________
Alloy
What body of water has the highest salinity?
The Dead Sea
Adding more solvent to a solution in order to lower the concentration is called____________.
Dilution/diluting
It would boil faster at higher elevations because the pressure is much lower.
In sugared tea, what is the solvent, and what are the solutes.
Solvent: Water
Solutes: Chemicals for the tea leaves and sugar.
A solid that can be dissolved in water to form an aqueous solution is called: ___________________
Water-soluble solid.
What percentage of the ocean water is pure water?
95%
As a scuba diver goes deeper, this happens to the amount of nitrogen in the blood.
What is increases?
Freezing point depression
What special property does a solvent like Ethanol have?
It can dissolve both polar and nonpolar substances.
Antifreeze is an example of a what type of solution?
Liquid solution
The amount of salt present in a solution
What is salinity?
What can cause a supersaturated solution to crystallize?
Adding a solute crystal or agitating it.
Raising the boiling point of a solvent by adding a solute is called ____________________
Boiling point elevation
List the 3 factors that affect the speed of dissolving.
Temperature, Surface Area, Movement
List the 3 main gases that make up our atmosphere.
1. Nitrogen
2. Oxygen
3. Carbon Dioxide
This is how oceans get salty
What is pollution/runoff. The minerals from the runoff create the salinity in the ocean.
What does Henry's Law state?
The amount of a gas that will dissolve in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure applied to that gas/ when more pressure is applied, more of the gas will dissolve.
What are the substances in antifreeze?
Ethylene glycol and water
List 3 characteristics of a liquid solution.
1. Particles are too small to be seen.
2. Solute and Solvent are not easily separable
3. Particles do not settle out (They don't fall to the bottom of the liquid)
4. Solutions are homogenous
14-karat gold is a solution of what two substances?
Copper and Gold
The percent of salt found in the Dead Sea
What is 40%?
List 4 symptoms of Decompression Sickness, and how is this sickness normally treated?
Nausea, dizziness, pain in the joints and abdomen, paralysis and disorientation. Effected individuals are treated in a hyperbaric oxygen chamber.
Sugar keeps the ice cream soft enough to scoop out. The sugar depresses the freezing point so that some of the ice cream never quite freezes.