Solutions, Acids, & Bases

Acids

100

pH range of acids

less than 7 (0-6.9)

200

Acidic compounds give foods a  _____ taste

sour

300

Acids release ______ ions in solution

Hydrogen (H⁺)

400

Acids turn litmus paper ______. 

Red

500

Chemical formulas for acids begin with _____. 

H

Bases

100

Basic compounds give foods a _______ taste.

Bitter

200

Bases feel ________ to touch

Slippery

300

pH range of bases

above 7 (7.1-14)

400

Bases release _________ ions in solution.

Hydroxide (OH^-)

500

Chemical formulas for bases end with _____. 

OH

Acids, Bases, Both, Neither

100

turns litmus paper blue

bases

200

Can be corrosive

both

300

Phenolphthalein turns blue in _______. 

Neither

400

Conduct electricity

Both

500

Phenolphthalein is colorless in _______. 

Acids

pH

100

A substance with a pH of 11 would be considered a ________. 

Base

200

A neutral substance has a pH of _____. 

7

300

A solution has a pH of 2.5. Classify this solution as an acid or base and describe whether it would be considered weak or strong.

Strong acid

400

A solution has a pH of 8.2. Classify this solution as an acid or base and describe whether it would be considered weak or strong.

weak base

500

Solution A has a pH of 1 and Solution B has a pH of 4. Solution A is ______ times more acidic/stronger than Solution B.

1000

Solutions

100

A solution is also known as a ____________ mixture. 

Homogeneous

200

The part of the solution that is being dissolved.

solute

300

The part of the solution that does the dissolving.

Solvent

400

List 3 ways to increase the rate of dissolving a solid in a liquid.

1. increase temperature

2. stir/shake/mix/agitate

3. increase surface area (crush/grind into smaller pieces)

500

True or false? A nonpolar solute can dissolve in a polar solvent.

False

Solubility

100

What is the solubility of KNO₃ at 65^oC?

120 grams

200

At 80^oC which of the substances listed below is LEAST soluble?

KCl, NH₄Cl, NaCl, HCl KClO₃

NaCl

300

70 grams of KNO₃ added to 100 grams of water at 50^oc would be classified as unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated?

Unsaturated

400

If if 80 grams of NH₄Cl is added to 100 grams of water at 90^OC, how much will not dissolve?

Approximately 8-9 grams

500

A student adds 100 grams of NaNO₃ to 100 grams of water at 40^OC. How many more grams must be added to form a saturated solution?

approximately 4-5 grams

Mystery

100

What do you call a substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base?

Indicator

200

What do you call a reaction between an acid and base?

Neutralization Reaction

300

Acids react with metals to produce ____________ gas.

Hydrogen

400

Strong acids and bases dissociate _____________ while weak acids and bases dissociate ____________.

completely, partially

500

What are the 2 products of a neutralization reaction?

Water and a salt (ionic compound)