Basics of Solutions
What is a solution?
A mixture where one substance dissolves into another, forming a uniform composition.
What does it mean for a substance to be soluble?
It means that the substance can dissolve in a solvent.
What is a saturated solution?
A solution that has dissolved the maximum amount of solute it can at a given temperature.
How does temperature generally affect the solubility of a solid solute in water?
Higher temperatures generally increase the solubility of a solid solute in water.
Which of the following is an example of a real-world solution?
A) Salad dressing
B) Sugar dissolved in tea
C) Milk and cereal
D) Ice cream
B) Sugar dissolved in tea
What is the solute in a sugar-water solution?
Sugar is the solute
Which of these substances is least soluble in water?
A) Sugar
B) Salt
C) Sand
D) Vinegar
Sand
Which term describes a solution with more solute than it can hold at a given temperature?
Supersaturated.
What happens to the solubility of gases in liquids when temperature increases?
The solubility of gases decreases as temperature increases.
How does the solubility of carbon dioxide affect the fizz in soda?
The solubility of carbon dioxide decreases when the soda is opened and the pressure is released, causing the gas to form bubbles.
What is the solvent in a saltwater solution?
Water is the solute
What is the solubility of a substance at a specific temperature called?
It’s called the substance’s "solubility limit."
What would you observe in a solution that is saturated with sugar at room temperature?
The sugar will no longer dissolve and will settle at the bottom of the container.
Why does sugar dissolve faster in warm water than in cold water?
Warm water has more energy, causing the sugar molecules to break apart and dissolve faster.
Why do we use salt to melt ice on roads in winter?
Salt lowers the freezing point of water, helping to melt the ice and prevent refreezing.
Which of the following is an example of a solution?
A) Sand in water
B) Oil and water
C) Salt in water
D) Sugar in oil
C) Salt in water
Which of the following factors does NOT affect solubility?
A) Temperature
B) Stirring
C) Color of the solute
D) Size of the solute particles
C) Color of the solute
If you add more solute to a saturated solution, what will happen?
The excess solute will not dissolve and will remain undissolved at the bottom.
What effect does stirring have on the rate of dissolution of a solute in a solvent?
Stirring increases the rate of dissolution by bringing fresh solvent into contact with the solute.
Why do doctors sometimes prescribe different amounts of medication based on the solubility of the drug?
The solubility affects how much of the drug can be absorbed into the body at once.
In a solution, what is the substance that does the dissolving called?
The solvent
What happens when a solution becomes supersaturated?
It contains more solute than it can normally dissolve at a given temperature
What is the difference between a concentrated solution and a dilute solution?
A concentrated solution has a high amount of solute while a dilute solution has a low amount of solute.
If you heat up a liquid solution and then cool it slowly, what might happen?
The solution could become supersaturated, with more solute dissolved than normally possible.
Why do soda cans sometimes sweat when they are taken out of the refrigerator?
The cold can causes moisture in the air to condense on the surface of the can, forming water droplets.