First Aid
Tilting the head forward and pinching the top of the nose are steps used to treat this common injury.
How do you treat a nose bleed?
The length you check for pulse and breathing.
What lasts no more than 10 seconds?
Chlorine must stay in this range to keep people from contracting illnesses but without developing rashes and/or eye irritation.
Why does chlorine need to be within a 1-10ppm range?
When a permanent tooth is knocked out, this method helps preserve the tooth until professional dental care is available.
Why do we place a tooth in milk or saliva?
This involves keeping your eyes moving, minimizing distractions, and continuously monitoring your assigned zone.
What is active surveillance?
This tool should be used to carefully remove a bee stinger left in the skin.
What are tweezers used for in this first aid situation?
This is the normal range for a pulse-oxygen (SpO₂) reading in a healthy individual.
What is 95–100%?
This substance is added to a pool to help maintain proper pH balance and water chemistry.
What is baking soda used for?
The American Red Cross teaches lifeguards to recognize these warning signs using the FAST assessment.
What are signs & symptoms of a stroke?
The American Red Cross identifies this time interval as the standard duration for a complete scan of a lifeguard's assigned zone.
What is the significance of 30 seconds to the American Red Cross?
This is done to help cool the body and replace fluids lost during a heat-related illness.
Why would you apply an ice pack and give water to a person suffering heat exhaustion?
The compression to ventilation ratio for an adult person receiving CPR by 1 or 2 rescuers.
What does the 30:2 ratio mean?
A power outage of more than 15 minutes requires this waiting period after power returns so the pool chemicals can rebalance.
Why should the pool stay closed for 30 minutes after power is restored?
This severe, life-threatening allergic reaction can cause difficulty breathing, swelling, and a sudden drop in blood pressure.
What is anaphylaxis?
This question asks what makes surveillance difficult leading to a pool closure.
Why would heavy winds, powerful rain, lightning and thunder lead to a pool closure?
Even though a victim puts a band-aid on a small finger cut caused on a rusty surface at our pool, this documentation is still required.
Why should a lifeguard file an incident report?
When a choking victim cannot cough, speak, or breathe, this combination of actions should be performed.
Why deliver 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts?
This question asks about the lap pool's temperate.
What is 84 degrees?
This is done during a seizure in the water to help keep the victim’s airway above the water and prevent drowning.
Why support someone's head while having a seizure in the water?
A lifeguard should be able to reach a distressed swimmer within this amount of time.
What is 20 seconds or less?
A victim has a deep cut that goes through the skin and muscle. A lifeguard should do this to get emergency help and document the injury.
Why would you call 911 and take a picture of the injury?
Because drowning is primarily a respiratory emergency, this is the question lifeguards should be able to answer.
Why deliver 2 breaths before giving CPR to a victim?
This pool water chemistry term refers to the measurement of the water’s ability to sanitize and oxidize contaminants.
What does ORP stand for?
This is the immediate action to take when a person shows signs and symptoms of a possible heart attack.
What is calling 911 if you suspect someone is having a heart attack?
Recognition, intrusion, and distraction are the key components of why a drowning can be missed.
What is the RID factor?