Research Methods
involves gathering and analyzing non-numerical, descriptive data in order to conduct a more complex, nuanced, in-depth examination of a topic
qualitative research method
"emphasizes the need to consider social, biological, historical and ecological factors as intersectional influences on health that cannot be considered in isolation (Krieger, 2001 as cited by Torrealba, 2021).
eco-social perspective
ethical/moral questions pertaining to biomedical and technological research, the significance of bio-technical developments in understandings what it means to be human and the value of life, as well as questions relating to public health, the environment, and increasingly animal studies
bio-ethics
a process of establishing and maintaining control over a foreign land for the purposes of exploiting its resources and people.
Colonization
Transnationalism
focuses on themes/issue across international borders in order to illustrate contemporary and historical transnational interconnections (social, economic, political)
involves gathering data and applying computational, mathematical analyses to the collected data
Quantitative Research Method
A term that is defined by: "the distributional patterns of environmental hazards, the historical processes which determine hazard distributions, patterns of non-recognition, and unequal access to decision making" (Ilyniak, 2014, p. 43)
Environmental Injustice
for the first time set out ethical research principles delimiting what was permissible for medical experimentation experimentation on human subjects
Nuremberg Code (1948)
the large-scale immigration of settlers to a colony, for the purpose of establishing settlements and supplanting existing populations with a settler one
settler colonization
" a body of thought primarily concerned with accounting for the political, aesthetic, economic, historical, and social impact of European colonial rule around the world in the 18th through the 20th century" (Elam, 2019)
"A field of study that analyzes the cultural, political, and economic impacts of colonialism and explores the relationships between colonizers and the colonized" (Fiveable, 2025)
Post-colonial theory
the application of systematic methods, testing and classification to social phenomenon
Social Scientific Method
A term used to describe how "Black and Indigenous communities are disproportionately exposed to harmful, hazardous, and often toxic activities and pollutants" (Torrealba, 2021, p. 10)
Environmental Racism
IRB is an acronym for
institutional ethics review boards (IRBs)
focuses on the exploitation of resources and labour to the benefit of the colonizing country;
"an intellectual framework that seeks to address and dismantle the lingering effects of colonialism and imperialism on culture, identity, and society. It emphasizes the need for a critical examination of historical narratives, advocating for the recognition of indigenous knowledge systems and experiences that have been marginalized or silenced by dominant colonial discourses" (Fiveable, 2025)
Decolonial theory
paradigm that stresses the importance of scientific methods and empirical observation in generating and advancing knowledge
positivism
What example provided in the course materials, helps to understand the concept of environmental injustice?
Grassy Narrows
What helps to ensure that study participants are not harmed by a proposed research project?
IRBS
the ideology which supports the expansion of power and dominion over other territories and peoples.
imperialism
The World Health Organization is an example of what key term?
International Health
The perspective that science should be responsive to citizens' concerns and needs; citizens can produce reliable scientific knowledge
science for the people
qualitative research method that involves researchers and participants working together to identify problems, develop research questions, and together decide how to collect data and what to do with the research findings
participatory action research
A Canadian report that includes 94 calls to action which are intended to aid the healing process in Indigenous communities in two ways: (1) by acknowledging and bringing to public attention the full, horrifying history of the residential schools system; and (2) by creating systems to prevent these abuses from ever happening again in the future
Truth and Reconciliation Commission
The shift to corporate priorities over research in Social Sciences can be attributed to....
capitalism/neoliberalism