The learner’s temporary language system combining L1 and L2 rules.
100
What is language transfer?
When features of the learner’s first language influence the second language.
100
What does overgeneralization mean in language learning?
It means using one rule in too many situations — for example, saying “comed” instead of “came.”
100
According to Krashen, what type of input helps learners acquire a language?
Comprehensible input (i + 1).
100
Should all learner errors be corrected immediately?
No, only those that block communication.
200
Who introduced the concept of interlanguage
Larry Selinker.
200
Give an example of negative transfer.
A Spanish speaker says “She has 20 years” instead of “She is 20 years old.”
200
He goed to school” shows what kind of error
Overgeneralization of the past tense rule.
200
What happens when learners don’t get enough comprehensible input?
They rely more on their L1 and make more errors.
200
Why can constant correction be harmful?
It increases anxiety and reduces natural acquisition.
300
Why is interlanguage important in understanding learner errors?
Because it shows how learners build internal rules while learning.
300
How does positive transfer help learners?
When similarities between L1 and L2 make learning easier.
300
Why does overgeneralization happen?
Learners apply rules before learning all exceptions.
300
What’s the difference between learning and acquisition?
Learning is conscious; acquisition is subconscious.
300
What is a good way for teachers to correct mistakes without making students feel bad
The teacher can repeat the sentence correctly or ask a question to help the student notice the mistake.
400
What factors influence the development of a learner’s interlanguage?
It is influenced by the learner’s first language, exposure to input, feedback received, and the learner’s hypotheses about how the second language works.
400
Why do learners rely on their first language when learning a second one?
Because it provides a familiar base when they don’t fully understand L2 rules.
400
What type of learner is more likely to overgeneralize?
Beginners, because they are still testing and forming rules.
400
What is the role of the “affective filter” in language acquisition?
High anxiety or low motivation can block input and slow acquisition.
400
Why is it important for teachers to choose the right time to correct mistakes?
Because correcting at the wrong moment can stop students from speaking and make them nervous.
500
According to Krashen, how does interlanguage evolve over time?
It gradually changes as the learner receives more comprehensible input, tests new hypotheses, and moves closer to the target language system.
500
What can teachers do to reduce negative transfer?
Provide clear examples, focus on contrasts between L1 and L2, and use communicative activities.
500
How can teachers help reduce overgeneralization errors?
By providing natural input, modeling correct use, and offering meaningful feedback.
500
What kind of classroom environment supports language acquisition?
A low-stress, motivating, and communicative environment with plenty of comprehensible input.
500
What should teachers focus on when correcting errors?
Communicative effectiveness and progress, not perfection.