Respiratory
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of fluticasone to treat perennial rhinitis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I should use the spray every 2 hours while I am awake"
B. It can take as as 3 weeks before the medication takes a maximum effect.
C. "This medication may make me dizzy and sleepy."
D. "This medication will help the swelling in my nares."
Answer:D
Rationale: futicasone nasal spray is used to reduce inflammation of sinus passages. Fluticasone nasal spray can cause dry nasal passages and epistaxis (nosebleeds).
The nurse is caring for a patient with Turberculosis. Which medications would the nurse expect the physician to order? Select all that apply
A. Vancomycin
B. Rifampin
C. Isoniazid
D. Levothyroxine
Answer: B&C
Rationale: Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibacterial used to treat MRSA. Levothyroxine is synthetic T4 and used to treat hypothyroidism.
Rifampin, Isoniazid,Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol are antitubuclar medications used in combination therapy for treatment of tuberculosis.
In preparing to administer morphine sulfate to a client reporting a pain level of 9/10, what assessment finding would lead the nurse to withhold the medication?
A. Respiratory rate 16
B. Blood pressure 110/68
C. Patient alert & orientated X4
D. Respiratory rate 9
Answer: D
Rationale: Adverse effects of morphine sulfate include respiratory depression, hypotension, light-headedness, dizziness, sedation, constipation, nausea, vomiting, and sweating.
A nurse is teaching a client about taking antihistamines. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply)
A. antihistamine may cause drowsiness you should avoid driving when taking medication.
B. Continue taking antihistamines even if nasal infection develops.
C. Do not use alcohol with antihistamines
D. These medication my cause dry mouth, blurred vision and constipation.
Answer A,C,D
Rationale:Clients should be advised that antihistamines may cause drowsiness, and concurrent use of alcohol or other CNS depressants should be avoided. Clients should take only the recommended amount of medication and not exceed dosing recommendations. Some clients may experience side effects such as dry mouth, and frequent oral hygiene may assist in alleviating discomfort.
While administering gentamicin to a client, the nurse recognizes that which of the following symptoms, if experienced by the client, would indicate the occurrence of toxicity?
A. Urine output 60mL/hr
B. Rash
C. Tinnitus
D. GI upset
Answer: C
Rationale:
Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate when administering baclofen to a client with impaired renal function?
A. Administering the medication at the regular prescribed dosage.
B. Monitoring the client for signs of respiratory depression.
C. Reducing the dosage of baclofen as necessary.
D. Advising the client to avoid changing positions slowly.
Answer: C
Rationale: Because baclofen is primarily excreted unchanged through the kidneys, it should be given with caution, and it may be necessary to reduce the dosage.Therefore, the appropriate nursing action is to adjust the dosage as necessary. Options A, B, and D are not directly related to managing baclofen administration in clients with impaired renal function.
The nurse administers theophylline to a client. What specific assessment findings would the nurse expect to observe in order to evaluate the effectiveness of this medication?
A. Patient has improvement in frequency of asthma exacerbation
B. Patient has a increase in frequency of asthma exacerbation
C. Patient has decreased blood pressure and heart rate
D. Patient states they feel tired and need frequent naps throughout the day.
Answer: A
Rationale: Theophylline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by inhibition of the enzyme phosphodiesterase and suppresses airway responsiveness to stimuli that cause bronchoconstriction. Theophylline is used for the long-term management of persistent asthma that is unresponsive to beta-agonists or inhaled corticosteroids. Theophylline can cause nausea, vomiting, CNS stimulation, nervousness, and insomnia.[
A 30 year old female patient was prescribed Tetracycline for treatment of chlamydia. What should the nurse include in patient teaching? (Select all that apply)
A. Patient should stop taking if she becomes pregnant
B. Patient should use sunscreen and avoid sun exposure during treatment
C. Patient should take the medication with a full glass of milk to increase absorption
D. Patient should notify any sexual partner and have them tested
Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Tetracycline decreases the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Tetracycline is a pregnancy class D and should not be given to patient's who are pregnant. Tetracycline should not be give to patients under 8 years old as it may cause permanent yellow or brown staining of teeth. Photosensitiy may occur while taking tetracyline patient's should be avoid direct sun exposure, use sunscreen and protective clothing. Dairy products, iron and antacids should not be given with tetracyline as it decreases the effectiveness of the medication. Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease all sexual partners should be tested.
Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate for a client receiving allopurinol?
A. Encouraging the client to consume a diet high in purine-rich foods.
B. Monitoring the client for signs of hyperuricemia.
C. Advising the client to decrease fluid intake to prevent kidney stone formation.
D. Educating the client to report any new symptoms such as rash or blood in the urine promptly.
Answer: D
Rationale:Allopurinol can cause adverse effects such as hepatitis, renal failure, and drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to educate the client about recognizing and reporting these symptoms promptly to the healthcare provider.
A client has a new prescription for albuterol and beclomethasone inhalers for the control of asthma. What information should the nurse inculde when teaching the client how to administer these medications?
A. You should take beclomethasone for terminate asthma exacerbation
B. You should take beclomethasone first then albuterol
C. You should take albuterol first then beclomethasone
D. You should take rinse your mouth and spit out the water after using the albuterol inhaler.
Answer: C Albuterol is short-acting used for short-term relief of bronchospasm is used during an acute asthma episode. Should be taken before beclomethasone as it enhances the absorption of beclomethasone. Beclomethasone should not be used to terminate asthma attacks in progress. The client should rinse their mouth after each use of beclomethasone to reduce the risk of oral fungal infections.
Which medications may have a cross-sensitivity reactions due to the similar chemical make up may occur with which of the following medications? (Select all that apply)
A. Penicillin
B. Cefazolin
C. Aztreonam
D. Imipenem
Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Penicillin, Cefazolin, Aztreonam, and Imipenem all contain a beta-lactum chemical make up which may produce a cross-sensitivity reaction.
Which of the following statements regarding acetaminophen administration is accurate?
A. Geriatric clients should not exceed 4,000 mg of acetaminophen in 24 hours.
B. Acetaminophen has anti-inflammatory properties.
C. Combining acetaminophen with alcohol is safe in moderation.
D. Severe liver damage may occur if a client takes acetaminophen along with other drugs containing acetaminophen.
Answer: D
Rationale: Severe liver damage may occur if a client does the following:
A mother call in asking what medication is best to give to her 2 year old son who is experiencing a cough and fever. Which response is most appropriate by the nurse?
A. You can give your son guaifensin
B. You can give your son dextromethorphan
C. You can give you son aspirin for the fever
D. Let me schedule an appointment with the physician so we can evaluate your sons symptoms.
Answer D.
Rationale: guaifensin & dextromethorphan should not be given to children under age 4. Aspirin should not be given to children or teens with symtoms of flu or chickpox.
A client is taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for the treatment of acute bronchitis. What specific assessment finding would indicate improvement in the client's condition?"
A. Increasing WBC
B. Wheezing heard upon ascultation
C. Patient temperature (38.3 C) 100.9 F
D. Decreasing WBC
Answer: D
Rationale: Decreasing WBC count would show that medication is effective. Increasing WBC would not indicate medication is effective another medication should be considered for treatment. Wheezing upon ascultation and temperature 38.3 C does not show signs of improvement in patient condition.
A client is admitted to the hospital with acute liver failure due to acetaminophen toxicity. The client reveals they have had a cold for several days and have been taking over-the-counter cold medications and acetaminophen for a headache. They also mention that every night after work they drink a “few” beers.
What health teaching about acetaminophen should be provided?
Answer:The client should be advised that acetaminophen can cause acute liver damage when taken in excessive amounts or when used with alcohol. Many over-the-counter medications contain acetaminophen, so daily amounts must be monitored carefully. Recommended daily restrictions for acetaminophen include less than 4,000 mg of acetaminophen in 24 hours for an adult, less than 3,200 mg for geriatric adults, and less than 2,000 mg for clients with alcoholism. Fewer than three alcoholic drinks should be consumed daily while using acetaminophen.