Muscle Actions
Flexion refers to bending a joint, whereas ____ denotes straightening a joint
extension
Left hemisphere section controls the body's right side.
What is the primary motor cortex?
Three anatomical planes applied to the cerebral hemispheres
What are the coronal plane, the sagittal plane, and the horizontal plane?
The four structures of the brain
What is brainstem, cerebellum, diencephalon, and cerebral hemispheres?
Midbrain, Pons, and Medulla
What are the three parts of the brainstem?
Adduct refers to bringing structures together, and ____ is the opposite.
abduct
The left hemisphere section receives input from the body's right side
What is the Primary Somatosensory Cortex?
It cuts the cerebral hemispheres into front and back sections.
What does the coronal plane (aka frontal) do?
Involved in the coordination and precision of fine motor development
What is the cerebellum?
The brainstem is responsible for major functions such as breathing, consciousness, heart rate, blood pressure, and sleep.
What are the major functions of the brainstem?
If you sleep on your stomach, then you are in a ____ position.
Supine
Has a central role in the planning and organization of motor behavior required for speech production.
What is Broca's Area?
It is also called axial or transverse.
What are other names for the horizontal plane?
What is 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves?
Control movement, modulate pain pathways, autonomic reflex circuitry, and control of arousal and consciousness.
What are the four functions of reticular formation?
This position is also preferred position of prayer in some religions.
Pronate
Defined as the brain region associated with speech and language comprehension.
What is Wernicke's Area?
It divides the cerebral hemispheres into left and right sections.
What does the sagittal plane do?
Entails general sensory information like stretch, pain, temperature and irritation in internal organs, as well as sensations like nausea and hunger
What is the visceral sensory system?
Ridges of cells along the medial center of the brainstem.
What are the raphe nuclei?
What position are the vocal cords in when there is phonation occurring?
Adduct
Contains the primary visual cortex, in which visual information such as light and color is analyzed.
What is the Occipital Lobe?
Sagittal cuts away from the midline.
What are parasagittal planes?
describes the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life, especially after injury or in response to learning.
What is neuroplasticity?
Ascending and descending neural tracts.
What is the brainstem a passageway for?