Truth and theory
A mental model that explains or relates most or all of the known facts
What is a theory?
What is a lurking variable?
Who is Tycho Brahe?
This is how Ptolemy explained retrograde motion, the movements of the planets in an orbit
What is an epicycle?
There are this many micrometers in one meter.
What is one million?
A proposition that is supported by a great deal of evidence
What is a scientific fact?
The variable researchers deliberately change in an experiment
What is an explanatory variable?
This astronomer proposed that the planets orbit the sun in an ellipse
Who is Johannes Kepler?
The eighth sphere in Ptolemy's model of the heavens
What is the Firmament (stars)?
The apparent motion of planet against the flow
What is retrograde motion?
This can be known by special revelation or general revelation; it never changes
What is truth?
The variable researchers monitor in an experiment
What is the response variable?
This astronomer published his work in secret for fear of the church
Who is Nicolaus Copernicus?
This observation contradicts Ptolemy's claim that change only exists on Earth.
What is a nova (or birth of a star)?
This law states "All object with mass exert a force on all other objects with mass."
Besides relating the known facts, this is the other characteristic of theory
What is "form a new hypothesis"?
This group does not receive treatment in an experiment. It acts like the baseline.
What is the control group?
This astronomer observed a start apparently move location during a solar eclipse and theorize Special Relativity to explain gravity's effect on light.
Who is Albert Einstein?
This contradicts Ptolemy's claim for geocentric model of the solar system.
What is the heliocentric model of Copernicus?
"He made the moon to mark the seasons" (Psalm 104:19
"Its rising is from the end of the heavens, and its circuit to the end of them" (Psalm 19:6)
What is biblical support of the Ptolemaic model?
When an experiment does this, researcher check the experiment, equipment, and hypothesis
What is "not confirm the hypothesis"?
This group receives treatment in an experiment and is compared to other groups to determine if the data is significant.
What is the experimental group?
This astronomer was asked to recant his heliocentric beliefs. He was built the first telescope.
Who is Galileo?
This contradicts Ptolemy's claim that the heavenly bodies move in circular regions, called speheres.
What is Kepler's first law of planetary motion (planets move in ellipses)?
This is the apparent alignment of two heavenly bodies in the light sky. They appear close together in the night sky from earth.
What is a conjunction?