Stars
How much larger than our Sun does a star need to be to be considered supermassive?
20 times larger
How long does it take for Earth to complete one full rotation on its axis?
24 hours
What movement of the Earth causes shadows?
Earth's rotation on its axis causes shadows throughout the day.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
*You have the chance to win double points! If you get the question correct, you will win 200 points. If you get it incorrect, you will lose 200 points.
What is the name of our galaxy and what type of galaxy is it?
Define rotation.
The movement of an object spinning on its axis in a circle.
Explain the difference in color between colder stars and hotter stars. (relative to the temperature of a star)
Colder stars are more red, while hotter stars are more blue/white.
How long does it take for the Earth to complete one full revolution around the Sun?
about 365 days
What movement and position of the Earth causes seasons?
Earth's revolution around the sun on its tilted axis. If we weren't tilted, we wouldn't have winter or summer.
Which type of galaxy has an indistinct shape with no center bulge? (everything is spread out sporadically in clumps)
Irregular galaxies
Define revolution.
The movement of one object orbiting another object.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
*You have the chance to win double points! If you get the question correct, you will win 600 points. If you get it incorrect, you will lose 600 points.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
*You have the chance to win double points! If you get the question correct, you will win 600 points. If you get it incorrect, you will lose 600 points.
How long does it truly take Earth to complete one full revolution and why do we have leap year?
Why does the Northern hemisphere experience summer, while the Southern hemisphere experiences winter? (and vice versa)
The Earth is tilted on its axis. As it goes around the sun on its revolution, sometimes one hemisphere is pointed towards the sun, while the other is pointed away from the sun. This gives us the seasons of winter and summer.
Which type of galaxy has a center bulge but the rest is spread out very evenly with few clumps? (also has an oval shape)
Elliptical galaxies
Define light-years.
*One light year is how far light travels in one year (5.88 trillion miles per year)
How long does it take the Sun's light to reach us on Earth?
How does this relate to the age of light we see from other very distant stars?
It takes the Sun's light 8 minutes to reach us here on Earth. The light that we see from stars extremely far away is very, very old meaning that we are looking in the past when we look at stars.
How long does it take the moon to complete one full revolution around Earth, and why does the moon not have "days"?
It takes the moon roughly 29 days to complete one revolution around Earth. The moon doesn't have a rotation, so it doesn't have "days".
Explain the difference in a full moon and a new moon.
A full moon is when the side of the moon that we can see is fully reflecting the sun's light (we see the front half of the moon).
A new moon is when the side of the moon that we see is not reflecting any of the sun's light (we don't see the front half of the moon).
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
*You have the chance to win double points! If you get the question correct, you will win 800 points. If you get it incorrect, you will lose 800 points.
What is the closest galaxy to the Milky Way?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
*You have the chance to win double points! If you get the question correct, you will win 800 points. If you get it incorrect, you will lose 800 points.
Define the process of nuclear fusion.
Explain the difference between a stellar nebula and a planetary nebulla.
Planetary nebula: when a star collapses in on itself, causing a large explosion that results in either a white dwarf (small-medium stars) or a black hole (supermassive stars)
What two cyclical patterns gives us our calendar year?
Earth's revolution around the sun and the moon's revolution around the Earth.
Explain what happens to your shadow throughout the day, starting at sunrise and ending at sunset.
Sunrise: shadow increases in length
Mid-day: shadow decreases in length (gets very short when the sun is highest in the sky)
Sunset: shadow increases in length again until it disappears
Name at least 5 things that can be found inside galaxies.
Planets, stars, black holes, comets, meteors, dust, moons, satellites (natural and man made)
Define true vs. apparent brightness
True brightness is how bright something really is in space; apparent brightness is how bright something appears to be based on your location from the object.