Alfonso XIII
During what years did Alfonso XIII reign?
From 1902 to 1931
True/false: Primo de Rivera enforced the Constitution of 1876.
False - he suspended it.
During what years was the Second Republic?
From 1931 to 1936
When was the Spanish Civil War? And when was the Franco regime?
Civil War - 1936 to 1939
Franco - 1939 to 1975
During which decade did the opposition to Franco's regime grow?
During the 1960s
True/False: Alfonso XIII supported General Primo de Rivera's dictatorship.
True
During what years was Primo de Rivera the dictator of Spain?
From 1923-1930
What positions did Niceto Alcalá-Zamora and Manuel Alzaña hold during the Second Republic?
Niceto Alcalá-Zamora was President of the Republic and Manuel Alzaña was Head of Government
What were the two sides of the Civil War? Who won?
- Two sides: Republicans and Rebels
- The Rebels won
Who formed labour associations and terrorist groups to oppose Franco's regime in the 1960s?
Clandestine workers
Who was the military general that ordered a coup d'etat under Alfonso XIII?
General Primo de Rivera
What is celebrated on 14 April?
The proclamation of the Second Republic
What two things caused the Spanish Civil War?
- The Conservative Government stopped reforms in 1933
- After the 1936 elections, the military organised a coup d'état
Describe the regime that Franco established in four words (from the book).
Authoritarian, fascist, Catholic, conservative
Who did Franco choose to lead Spain's transition to democracy?
King Juan Carlos I and Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez
What caused Regenerationism?
The Spanish Restoration
What caused King Alfonso XIII to flee Spain in 1931?
What are the three big accomplishments of the new Spanish constitution of 1931?
1. Established freedom of expression, assembly, and association
2. Established universal suffrage
3. Separated Church and State, established regional autonomy
Give one reason why the Rebels won the Civil War, and one consequence of the war for Spain.
- Causes of victory: lack of unity among Republicans, military superiority, support from Germany and Italy
- Consequences of war: population loss, economic losses
What happened on December 6, 1978? What type of government does Spain have now?
- Voters approved the 1978 Constitution
- Spain is a parliamentary monarchy
Why did Primo de Rivera order a coup d'état in 1923?
Many Spanish people were being forced to join the army to fight after the Spanish occupation of the Rif in Morocco. This caused social and political problems.
What were Primo de Rivera's four biggest achievements?
- He dissolved the Cortes
- He suspended the Constitution of 1876
- He banned political parties and trade unions
- He established a military government
What are the three types of reforms that ocurred during the Second Republic? Give an example of each one.
1. Social - Civil marriage, divorce, women's right to vote
2. Economic - labourers could own land
3. Cultural - education was mandatory and free
What were the two stages of Franco's regime? Name and describe each.
1. Autarchy - Economy of self-sufficiency, hunger, death sentences, censorship
2. Development - No more international isolation, industrialisation and modernisation, tourism, migration
What happened in 1986 that reinforced Spain's parliamentary democracy?
Spain joined the European Union